为了更加直观的理解fork/join框架是如何工作的,可以看一下下面这个例子。假定我们有一个图像模糊的任务需要完成,原始图像数据可以用一个整型数组表示,每一个整型元素包含了一个像素点的颜色值(RBG,存放在整型元素的不同位中)。目标图像同样是由一个整型数组构成,每个整型元素包含RBG颜色信息; 执行模糊操作需要遍历原始图像整型数组的每个元素,并对其周围的像素点做均值操作(RGB均值),然后将结果存放到目标数组中。由于图像是一个大数组,这个处理操作会花费一定的时间。但是有了fork/join框架,我们可以充分利用多核处理器进行并行计算。如下是一个可能的代码实现(图像做水平方向的模糊操作):Tips:该例子仅仅是阐述fork/join框架的使用,并不推荐使用该方法做图像模糊,图像边缘处理也没做判断public class ForkBlur extends RecursiveAction {private static final long serialVersionUID = -8032915917030559798L;private int[] mSource;private int mStart;private int mLength;private int[] mDestination;private int mBlurWidth = 15; // Processing window size, should be odd. public ForkBlur(int[] src, int start, int length, int[] dst) {mSource = src;mStart = start;mLength = length;mDestination = dst;} // Average pixels from source, write results into destination.protected void computeDirectly() {int sidePixels = (mBlurWidth - 1) / 2;for (int index = mStart; index < mStart + mLength; index++) {// Calculate average.float rt = 0, gt = 0, bt = 0;for (int mi = -sidePixels; mi <= sidePixels; mi++) {int mindex = Math.min(Math.max(mi + index, 0), mSource.length - 1);int pixel = mSource[mindex];rt += (float) ((pixel & 0x00ff0000) >> 16) / mBlurWidth;gt += (float) ((pixel & 0x0000ff00) >> 8) / mBlurWidth;bt += (float) ((pixel & 0x000000ff) >> 0) / mBlurWidth;} // Re-assemble destination pixel.int dpixel = (0xff000000)| (((int) rt) << 16)| (((int) gt) << 8)| (((int) bt) << 0);mDestination[index] = dpixel;}}... 现在,我们开始编写compute()的实现方法,该方法分成两部分:直接执行模糊操作和任务的划分;一个数组长度阈值sThreshold可以帮助我们决定任务是直接执行还是进行划分;@Overrideprotected void compute() {if (mLength < sThreshold) {computeDirectly();return;} int split = mLength / 2; invokeAll(new ForkBlur(mSource, mStart, split, mDestination),new ForkBlur(mSource, mStart + split, mLength - split, mDestination));}接下来按如下步骤即可完成图像模糊任务啦:1、创建图像模糊任务ForkBlur fb = new ForkBlur(src, 0, src.length, dst);2、创建ForkJoinPool ForkJoinPool pool = new ForkJoinPool();3、执行图像模糊任务pool.invoke(fb);完整代码如下:/** Copyright (c) 2010, 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.** Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without* modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions* are met:** - Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.** - Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the* documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.** - Neither the name of Oracle or the names of its* contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived* from this software without specific prior written permission.** THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS* IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,* THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR* PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT OWNER OR* CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL,* EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,* PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR* PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF* LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING* NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS* SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.*/ import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;import java.io.File;import java.util.concurrent.ForkJoinPool;import java.util.concurrent.RecursiveAction;import javax.imageio.ImageIO; /** * ForkBlur implements a simple horizontal image blur. It averages pixels in the * source array and writes them to a destination array. The sThreshold value * determines whether the blurring will be performed directly or split into two * tasks. * * This is not the recommended way to blur images; it is only intended to * illustrate the use of the Fork/Join framework. */public class ForkBlur extends RecursiveAction {private static final long serialVersionUID = -8032915917030559798L;private int[] mSource;private int mStart;private int mLength;private int[] mDestination;private int mBlurWidth = 15; // Processing window size, should be odd. public ForkBlur(int[] src, int start, int length, int[] dst) {mSource = src;mStart = start;mLength = length;mDestination = dst;} // Average pixels from source, write results into destination.protected void computeDirectly() {int sidePixels = (mBlurWidth - 1) / 2;for (int index = mStart; index < mStart + mLength; index++) {// Calculate average.float rt = 0, gt = 0, bt = 0;for (int mi = -sidePixels; mi <= sidePixels; mi++) {int mindex = Math.min(Math.max(mi + index, 0), mSource.length - 1);int pixel = mSource[mindex];rt += (float) ((pixel & 0x00ff0000) >> 16) / mBlurWidth;gt += (float) ((pixel & 0x0000ff00) >> 8) / mBlurWidth;bt += (float) ((pixel & 0x000000ff) >> 0) / mBlurWidth;} // Re-assemble destination pixel.int dpixel = (0xff000000)| (((int) rt) << 16)| (((int) gt) << 8)| (((int) bt) << 0);mDestination[index] = dpixel;}}protected static int sThreshold = 10000; @Overrideprotected void compute() {if (mLength < sThreshold) {computeDirectly();return;} int split = mLength / 2; invokeAll(new ForkBlur(mSource, mStart, split, mDestination),new ForkBlur(mSource, mStart + split, mLength - split, mDestination));} // Plumbing follows.public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {String srcName = "C:\test6.jpg";File srcFile = new File(srcName);BufferedImage image = ImageIO.read(srcFile); System.out.println("Source image: " + srcName); BufferedImage blurredImage = blur(image); String dstName = "C:\test6_out.jpg";File dstFile = new File(dstName);ImageIO.write(blurredImage, "jpg", dstFile); System.out.println("Output image: " + dstName); } public static BufferedImage blur(BufferedImage srcImage) {int w = srcImage.getWidth();int h = srcImage.getHeight(); int[] src = srcImage.getRGB(0, 0, w, h, null, 0, w);int[] dst = new int[src.length]; System.out.println("Array size is " + src.length);System.out.println("Threshold is " + sThreshold); int processors = Runtime.getRuntime().availableProcessors();System.out.println(Integer.toString(processors) + " processor"+ (processors != 1 ? "s are " : " is ")+ "available"); ForkBlur fb = new ForkBlur(src, 0, src.length, dst); ForkJoinPool pool = new ForkJoinPool(); long startTime = System.currentTimeMillis();pool.invoke(fb);long endTime = System.currentTimeMillis(); System.out.println("Image blur took " + (endTime - startTime) + " milliseconds."); BufferedImage dstImage =new BufferedImage(w, h, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_ARGB);dstImage.setRGB(0, 0, w, h, dst, 0, w); return dstImage;}}测试了一下,执行效果如下:
Source image: C: est6.jpg Array size is 120000 Threshold is 10000 4 processors are available Image blur took 10 milliseconds. Output image: C: est6_out.jpg