Python调用API接口的几种方式

相信做过自动化运维的同学都用过API接口来完成某些动作。API是一套成熟系统所必需的接口，可以被其他系统或脚本来调用，这也是自动化运维的必修课。本文主要介绍Python中调用API的几种方式，下面是Python中会用到的库。- urllib2- httplib2- pycurl- requests1.urllib2- Sample1import urllib2, urllibgithub_url = "https://api.github.com/user/repos"password_manager = urllib2.HTTPPasswordMgrWithDefaultRealm（）password_manager.add_password（None, github_url, "user", "***"）auth = urllib2.HTTPBasicAuthHandler（password_manager） # create an authentication handleropener = urllib2.build_opener（auth） # create an opener with the authentication handlerurllib2.install_opener（opener） # install the opener...request = urllib2.Request（github_url, urllib.urlencode（{"name":"Test repo", "description": "Some test repository"}）） # Manual encoding requiredhandler = urllib2.urlopen（request）print handler.read（） - Sample2import urllib2url = "http://ems.vip.ebay.com/removeSIforcloud.cgi？ip=" + ipreq = urllib2.Request（url）req.add_header（"IAF",abc.token_authiaas）try: resp = urllib2.urlopen（req）except urllib2.HTTPError, error: print "Cannot remove service instance！", error sys.exit（1）response = resp.read（）print response
- Sample3import urllib2, urllib, base64url = "https://reparo.stratus.ebay.com/reparo/bootstrap/registerasset/" + rackid + "/" + assetdata = urllib.urlencode（{ "reservedResource":"RR-Hadoop", "resourceCapability":"Production", "movetoironic":"False", "output":"json" }）print "Bootstrap Asset jobs starting .............."base64string = base64.encodestring（"%s:%s" % （user, passwd））.replace（" ", ""）request = urllib2.Request（url, data, headers={"Authorization" : "Basic %s" % base64string}）response = urllib2.urlopen（request）.read（）response_json = json.loads（response）response_status = response_json["status"]status_code = response_status["statusCode"]status = response_status["status"]message = response_status["message"] print status_code , status, message2. httplib2import urllib, httplib2github_url = "h = httplib2.Http（".cache"）h.add_credentials（"user", "******", "data = urllib.urlencode（{"name":"test"}）resp, content = h.request（github_url, "POST", data）print content3. pycurlimport pycurl, jsongithub_url = "user_pwd = "user:*****"data = json.dumps（{"name": "test_repo", "description": "Some test repo"}）c = pycurl.Curl（）c.setopt（pycurl.URL, github_url）c.setopt（pycurl.USERPWD, user_pwd）c.setopt（pycurl.POST, 1）c.setopt（pycurl.POSTFIELDS, data）c.perform（）4. requestsimport requests, jsongithub_url = "data = json.dumps（{"name":"test", "description":"some test repo"}）r = requests.post（github_url, data, auth=（"user", "*****"））print r.json以上几种方式都可以调用API来执行动作，但requests这种方式代码最简洁，最清晰，建议采用。下面关于Python的文章您也可能喜欢，不妨看看：Python：在指定目录下查找满足条件的文件 http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2015-08/121283.htmPython2.7.7源码分析 http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2015-08/121168.htm无需操作系统直接运行 Python 代码 http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2015-05/117357.htmCentOS上源码安装Python3.4 http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2015-01/111870.htm《Python核心编程第二版》.（Wesley J. Chun ）.[高清PDF中文版] http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2013-06/85425.htm《Python开发技术详解》.（周伟,宗杰）.[高清PDF扫描版+随书视频+代码] http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2013-11/92693.htmPython脚本获取Linux系统信息 http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2013-08/88531.htm在Ubuntu下用Python搭建桌面算法交易研究环境 http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2013-11/92534.htmPython 语言的发展简史 http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2014-09/107206.htmPython 的详细介绍：请点这里
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