栈:LIFO(后进先出)队列:FIFO(先进先出)栈的顺序存储结构实现:/** * 基于数组实现的顺序栈 * @param <E> */ public class Stack<E> { private Object[] data = null; private int maxSize=0; //栈容量 private int top =-1; //栈顶指针
//进栈,第一个元素top=0; public boolean push(E e){ if(top == maxSize -1){ throw new RuntimeException("栈已满,无法将元素入栈!"); }else{ data[++top]=e; return true; } }
//查看栈顶元素但不移除 public E peek(){ if(top == -1){ throw new RuntimeException("栈为空!"); }else{ return (E)data[top]; } }
//弹出栈顶元素 public E pop(){ if(top == -1){ throw new RuntimeException("栈为空!"); }else{ return (E)data[top--]; } }
//返回对象在堆栈中的位置,以 1 为基数 public int search(E e){ int i=top; while(top != -1){ if(peek() != e){ top --; }else{ break; } } int result = top+1; top = i; return result; } }栈的链式存储结构实现:public class LinkStack<E> { //链栈的节点 private class Node<E>{ E e; Node<E> next;
public Node(){} public Node(E e, Node next){ this.e = e; this.next = next; } }
private Node<E> top; //栈顶元素 private int size; //当前栈大小
public LinkStack(){ top = null; }
//当前栈大小 public int length(){ return size; }
//判空 public boolean empty(){ return size==0; }
//入栈:让top指向新创建的元素,新元素的next引用指向原来的栈顶元素 public boolean push(E e){ top = new Node(e,top); size ++; return true; }
//查看栈顶元素但不删除 public Node<E> peek(){ if(empty()){ throw new RuntimeException("空栈异常!"); }else{ return top; } }
//出栈 public Node<E> pop(){ if(empty()){ throw new RuntimeException("空栈异常!"); }else{ Node<E> value = top; //得到栈顶元素 top = top.next; //让top引用指向原栈顶元素的下一个元素 value.next = null; //释放原栈顶元素的next引用 size --; return value; } } }基于LinkedList实现的栈结构:import java.util.LinkedList;/** * 基于LinkedList实现栈 * 在LinkedList实力中只选择部分基于栈实现的接口 */ public class StackList<E> { private LinkedList<E> ll = new LinkedList<E>();
//入栈 public void push(E e){ ll.addFirst(e); }
//查看栈顶元素但不移除 public E peek(){ return ll.getFirst(); }
//出栈 public E pop(){ return ll.removeFirst(); }
//判空 public boolean empty(){ return ll.isEmpty(); }
//打印栈元素 public String toString(){ return ll.toString(); } }队列的顺序存储结构实现public class Queue<E> { private Object[] data=null; private int maxSize; //队列容量 private int front; //队列头,允许删除 private int rear; //队列尾,允许插入 //构造函数 public Queue(){ this(10); }
public Queue(int initialSize){ if(initialSize >=0){ this.maxSize = initialSize; data = new Object[initialSize]; front = rear =0; }else{ throw new RuntimeException("初始化大小不能小于0:" + initialSize); } }
//判空 public boolean empty(){ return rear==front?true:false; }
//插入 public boolean add(E e){ if(rear== maxSize){ throw new RuntimeException("队列已满,无法插入新的元素!"); }else{ data[rear++]=e; return true; } }
//返回队首元素,但不删除 public E peek(){ if(empty()){ throw new RuntimeException("空队列异常!"); }else{ return (E) data[front]; } }
//出队 public E poll(){ if(empty()){ throw new RuntimeException("空队列异常!"); }else{ E value = (E) data[front]; //保留队列的front端的元素的值 data[front++] = null; //释放队列的front端的元素 return value; } }
//队列长度 public int length(){ return rear-front; } }循环队列的顺序存储结构实现import java.util.Arrays;public class LoopQueue<E> { public Object[] data = null; private int maxSize; // 队列容量 private int rear;// 队列尾,允许插入 private int front;// 队列头,允许删除 private int size=0; //队列当前长度 public LoopQueue() { this(10); } public LoopQueue(int initialSize) { if (initialSize >= 0) { this.maxSize = initialSize; data = new Object[initialSize]; front = rear = 0; } else { throw new RuntimeException("初始化大小不能小于0:" + initialSize); } } // 判空 public boolean empty() { return size == 0; } // 插入 public boolean add(E e) { if (size == maxSize) { throw new RuntimeException("队列已满,无法插入新的元素!"); } else { data[rear] = e; rear = (rear + 1)%maxSize; size ++; return true; } } // 返回队首元素,但不删除 public E peek() { if (empty()) { throw new RuntimeException("空队列异常!"); } else { return (E) data[front]; } } // 出队 public E poll() { if (empty()) { throw new RuntimeException("空队列异常!"); } else { E value = (E) data[front]; // 保留队列的front端的元素的值 data[front] = null; // 释放队列的front端的元素 front = (front+1)%maxSize; //队首指针加1 size--; return value; } } // 队列长度 public int length() { return size; } //清空循环队列 public void clear(){ Arrays.fill(data, null); size = 0; front = 0; rear = 0; } }队列的链式存储结构实现public class LinkQueue<E> { // 链栈的节点 private class Node<E> { E e; Node<E> next; public Node() { } public Node(E e, Node next) { this.e = e; this.next = next; } }