首页 / 数据库 / MySQL / MyCAT常用分片规则之分片枚举
MyCAT支持多种分片规则,下面测试的这种是分片枚举。适用场景,列值的个数是固定的,譬如省份,月份等。在这里,需定义三个值,规则均是在rule.xml中定义。1. tableRule2. function3. mapFile首先,定义tableRule, <tableRule name="sharding-by-intfile-test"><rule><columns>province</columns><algorithm>hash-int-test</algorithm></rule></tableRule>其中,sharding-by-intfile-test是规则名,会在schema.xml中用到。columns指的是对省份进行分片。algorithm是算法名,该算法必须在function中定义。其次,定义function,<function name="hash-int-test"class="org.opencloudb.route.function.PartitionByFileMap"><property name="mapFile">partition-hash-int-test.txt</property><property name="type">1</property><property name="defaultNode">0</property></function>其中,mapFile指的是配置文件名type默认值为0,0表示Integer,非零表示String。因为我接下来的测试是基于省份分片,所以需type指定为1。defaultNode 默认节点:小于0表示不设置默认节点,大于等于0表示设置默认节点
默认节点的作用:枚举分片时,如果碰到不识别的枚举值,就让它路由到默认节点。如果不配置默认节点(defaultNode值小于0表示不配置默认节点),碰到不识别的枚举值就会报错,like this:can’t find datanode for sharding column:column_name val:ffffffff第三、在rule.xml当前目录下创建partition-hash-int-test.txt文件,定义枚举的规则hubei=0tianjin=1guangdong=2其中,hubei会被分发到第一个节点中,tianjin分发被第二个节点中,guangdong第三个节点中。现在开始测试,首先,在shema.xml定义表的分片规则<table name="t_vote" dataNode="dn2,dn1,dn3" rule="sharding-by-intfile-test" />登录MyCAT创建表# mysql -utest -ptest -h127.0.0.1 -P8066 -DTESTDBmysql> create table t_vote(id varchar(10),province varchar(10));Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.04 sec)mysql> insert into t_vote(id,province) values(database(),"hubei");Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)mysql> insert into t_vote(id,province) values(database(),"tianjin");Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)mysql> insert into t_vote(id,province) values(database(),"guangdong");Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)mysql> insert into t_vote(id,province) values(database(),"shandong");Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)mysql> select * from t_vote;+------+-----------+| id | province|+------+-----------+| db1| tianjin || db2| hubei || db2| shandong|| db3| guangdong |+------+-----------+4 rows in set (0.03 sec)hubei之所以是db2,因为它对应的是第一个节点,而在schema.xml定义t_vote表时,第一个节点即是dn2。shandong之所以是在db2,因为它并没有在分片规则中定义,所以会被分到默认节点,默认节点defaultNode的是0,即第一个节点。总结:1. 刚开始没有指定function中type的值,即<property name="type">1</property>。导致insert时报以下错误,因为默认的分片类型是integer,而不是string。mysql> insert into t_vote(id,province) values(database(),"hubei");ERROR 1064 (HY000): For input string: "hubei"2. 如果没有指定function中defaultNode值,则插入不识别的枚举值时,报以下错误:mysql>insert into t_vote(id,province) values(database(),"shandong");ERROR 1064 (HY000): can"t find any valid datanode :T_VOTE -> PROVINCE -> shandong3. MyCAT其实还支持动态加载功能譬如,我将defaultNode的值定义到partition-hash-int-test.txt中,哈哈,这点也是支持的。当然,前提是注释掉function中defaultNode值,不然function中的defaultNode值会覆盖掉partition-hash-int-test.txt中DEFAULT_NODE值。hubei=0tianjin=1guangdong=2DEFAULT_NODE=2登录到MyCAT 9066管理端口# mysql -utest -ptest -h127.0.0.1 -P9066mysql> reload @@config;Query OK, 1 row affected (0.03 sec)Reload config success登录到MyCAT 8066端口mysql> insert into t_vote(id,province) values(database(),"shanxi");Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)mysql> select * from t_vote;+------+-----------+| id | province|+------+-----------+| db1| tianjin || db2| hubei || db2| shandong|| db3| guangdong || db3| shanxi|+------+-----------+5 rows in set (0.01 sec)4. 该规则有个问题,如果中途修改了defaultNode的值,譬如,我刚开始设置的是0,插入了shandong这个值,现在修改为2。mysql> select * from t_vote;+------+-----------+| id | province|+------+-----------+| db1| tianjin || db3| guangdong || db2| shanxi|| db2| hubei || db2| shandong|+------+-----------+5 rows in set (0.01 sec)mysql> select * from t_vote where province="shandong";Empty set (0.00 sec)根据where条件无法检索出原来插入的值。日志中显示的信息如下:01/24 15:17:50.028DEBUG [$_NIOREACTOR-0-RW] (EnchachePool.java:76) -SQLRouteCachemiss cache ,key:TESTDBselect * from t_vote where province="shandong"01/24 15:17:50.029DEBUG [$_NIOREACTOR-0-RW] (EnchachePool.java:59) -SQLRouteCache add cache ,key:TESTDBselect * from t_vote where province="shandong" value:select * from t_vote where province="shandong", route={ 1 -> dn3{SELECT *FROM t_voteWHERE province = "shandong"LIMIT 100}}dn3是现在的defaultNode=2所对应的节点。本文永久更新链接地址