首页 / 数据库 / MySQL / Python访问MySQL数据库并实现其增删改查功能
概述:
对于访问MySQL数据库的操作,我想大家也都有一些了解。不过,因为最近在学习Python,以下就用Python来实现它。其中包括创建数据库和数据表、插入记录、删除记录、修改记录数据、查询数据、删除数据表、删除数据库。还有一点就是我们最好使用一个新定义的类来处理这件事。因为这会使在以后的使用过程中更加的方便(只需要导入即可,避免了重复制造轮子)。实现功能介绍:1.封装一个DB类
2.数据库操作:创建数据库和数据表
3.数据库操作:插入记录
4.数据库操作:一次插入多条记录
5.数据库操作:删除记录
6.数据库操作:修改记录数据
7.数据库操作:一次修改多条记录数据
8.数据库操作:查询数据
9.数据库操作:删除数据表
10.数据库操作:删除数据库数据库类的定义:
heroDB.py#!/usr/bin/env pythonimport MySQLdbDATABASE_NAME = "hero"class HeroDB:
# init class and create a database
def __init__(self, name, conn, cur):
self.name = name
self.conn = conn
self.cur = cur
try:
cur.execute("create database if not exists " + name)
conn.select_db(name)
conn.commit()
except MySQLdb.Error, e:
print "Mysql Error %d: %s" % (e.args[0], e.args[1])
# create a table
def createTable(self, name):
try:
ex = self.cur.execute
if ex("show tables") == 0:
ex("create table " + name + "(id int, name varchar(20), sex int, age int, info varchar(50))")
self.conn.commit()
except MySQLdb.Error, e:
print "Mysql Error %d: %s" % (e.args[0], e.args[1])
# insert single record
def insert(self, name, value):
try:
self.cur.execute("insert into " + name + " values(%s,%s,%s,%s,%s)", value)
except MySQLdb.Error, e:
print "Mysql Error %d: %s" % (e.args[0], e.args[1])
# insert more records
def insertMore(self, name, values):
try:
self.cur.executemany("insert into " + name + " values(%s,%s,%s,%s,%s)", values)
except MySQLdb.Error, e:
print "Mysql Error %d: %s" % (e.args[0], e.args[1])
# update single record from table
# name: table name
# values: waiting to update data
def updateSingle(self, name, value):
try:
# self.cur.execute("update " + name + " set name=" + str(values[1]) + ", sex=" + str(values[2]) + ", age=" + str(values[3]) + ", info=" + str(values[4]) + " where id=" + str(values[0]) + ";")
self.cur.execute("update " + name + " set name=%s, sex=%s, age=%s, info=%s where id=%s;", value)
except MySQLdb.Error, e:
print "Mysql Error %d: %s" % (e.args[0], e.args[1])
# update some record from table
def update(self, name, values):
try:
self.cur.executemany("update " + name + " set name=%s, sex=%s, age=%s, info=%s where id=%s;", values)
except MySQLdb.Error, e:
print "Mysql Error %d: %s" % (e.args[0], e.args[1])
# get record count from db table
def getCount(self, name):
try:
count = self.cur.execute("select * from " + name)
return count
except MySQLdb.Error, e:
print "Mysql Error %d: %s" % (e.args[0], e.args[1])
# select first record from database
def selectFirst(self, name):
try:
self.cur.execute("select * from " + name + ";")
result = self.cur.fetchone()
return result
except MySQLdb.Error, e:
print "Mysql Error %d: %s" % (e.args[0], e.args[1])
# select last record from database
def selectLast(self, name):
try:
self.cur.execute("SELECT * FROM " + name + " ORDER BY id DESC;")
result = self.cur.fetchone()
return result
except MySQLdb.Error, e:
print "Mysql Error %d: %s" % (e.args[0], e.args[1])
# select next n records from database
def selectNRecord(self, name, n):
try:
self.cur.execute("select * from " + name + ";")
results = self.cur.fetchmany(n)
return results
except MySQLdb.Error, e:
print "Mysql Error %d: %s" % (e.args[0], e.args[1])
# select all records
def selectAll(self, name):
try:
self.cur.execute("select * from " + name + ";")
self.cur.scroll(0, mode="absolute") # reset cursor location (mode = absolute | relative)
results = self.cur.fetchall()
return results
except MySQLdb.Error, e:
print "Mysql Error %d: %s" % (e.args[0], e.args[1])
# delete a record
def deleteByID(self, name, id):
try:
self.cur.execute("delete from " + name + " where id=%s;", id)
except MySQLdb.Error, e:
print "Mysql Error %d: %s" % (e.args[0], e.args[1])
# delete some record
def deleteSome(self, name):
pass
# drop the table
def dropTable(self, name):
try:
self.cur.execute("drop table " + name + ";")
except MySQLdb.Error, e:
print "Mysql Error %d: %s" % (e.args[0], e.args[1])
# drop the database
def dropDB(self, name):
try:
self.cur.execute("drop database " + name + ";")
except MySQLdb.Error, e:
print "Mysql Error %d: %s" % (e.args[0], e.args[1])
def __del__(self):
if self.cur != None:
self.cur.close()
if self.conn != None:
self.conn.close()使用范例:
testHeroDB.py#!/usr/bin/env pythonimport MySQLdb
from heroDB import HeroDBdef main():
conn = MySQLdb.connect(host="localhost", user="root", passwd="260606", db="hero", port=3306, charset="utf8")
cur = conn.cursor()
# ------------------------------------------- create -----------------------------------------------------
hero = HeroDB("hero", conn, cur)
hero.createTable("heros")
# ------------------------------------------- insert -----------------------------------------------------
hero.insert("heros", [3, "Prophet", 0, 2000, "The hero who in fairy tale."]) # ------------------------------------------- select -----------------------------------------------------
print "-" * 60
print "first record"
result = hero.selectFirst("heros")
print result
print "-" * 60
print "last record"
result = hero.selectLast("heros")
print result
print "-" * 60
print "more record"
results = hero.selectNRecord("heros", 3)
for item in results:
print item
print "-" * 60
print "all record"
results = hero.selectAll("heros")
for item in results:
print item
# ------------------------------------------- update -----------------------------------------------------
hero.updateSingle("heros", ["Zeus", 1, 22000, "The god.", 2])
values = []
values.append(["SunWukong", 1, 1300, "The hero who in fairy tale.", 1])
values.append(["Zeus", 1, 50000, "The king who in The Quartet myth.", 2])
values.append(["Prophet", 1, 20000, "The hero who in fairy tale.3", 3])
hero.update("heros", values)
# ------------------------------------------- delete -----------------------------------------------------
hero.deleteByID("heros", 1)
hero.dropTable("heros")
hero.dropDB("hero")
if __name__ == "__main__":
main()注:请不要不假思索地使用他们。如果你想实现某一个功能点,请最好将其他的功能点注释掉,这样才符合单元测试的规范。源码下载:------------------------------------------分割线------------------------------------------免费下载地址在 http://linux.linuxidc.com/用户名与密码都是www.linuxidc.com具体下载目录在 /2015年资料/4月/21日/Python访问MySQL数据库并实现其增删改查功能/下载方法见 http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2013-07/87684.htm------------------------------------------分割线------------------------------------------本文永久更新链接地址