Linux平台Oracle 11g单实例 + ASM存储安装部署快速参考

操作环境：Citrix虚拟化环境中申请一个Linux6.4主机（模板）
目标：创建单机11g + ASM存储数据库1.主机准备--------------------------------------------------------------------------------IP地址：主机名：JY-DB目录：/u01磁盘：从主机本地磁盘资源划分50G硬盘1个，从磁阵资源划分10G硬盘3个1.1 检查主机名和IP地址的映射：hostname -ihostnamevi /etc/sysconfig/networkvi /etc/hosts1.2 分配/u01目录为Oracle软件安装目录，lv_asm1,lv_asm2,lv_asm3为ASM磁盘/dev/xvdb 50G 格式化后挂载到/u01目录/dev/xvdc /dev/xvde /dev/xvdf 各10G，不用格式化，给ASM使用 pvcreate /dev/xvdc /dev/xvde /dev/xvdf
vgcreate ora_vg /dev/xvdc /dev/xvde /dev/xvdf
lvcreate -L 10g -n lv_asm1 ora_vg
lvcreate -L 10g -n lv_asm2 ora_vg
vgdisplay ora_vg
lvcreate -l 2557 -n lv_asm3 ora_vg 在后面创建grid用户后,创建ASM前,需要更改lv的磁盘权限chown grid:asmadmin /dev/mapper/ora*1.3 配置YUM，安装依赖包yum配置参考：配置EPEL YUM源 http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2012-10/71850.htmRedHat 本地yum源配置 http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2012-11/75127.htmyum的配置文件说明 http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2013-04/83298.htmRedHat 6.1下安装yum（图文） http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2013-06/86535.htmYUM 安装及清理 http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2013-07/87163.htmCentOS 6.4上搭建yum本地源 http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2014-07/104533.htmyum install binutils compat-libstdc++-33 elfutils-libelf elfutils-libelf-devel glibc glibc-common glibc-devel gcc- gcc-c++ libaio-devel libaio libgcc libstdc++ libstdc++-devel make sysstat unixODBC unixODBC-devel pdksh ksh compat-libcap1若之前安装系统没有安装图形，需要安装图形界面和xtermyum groupinstall "X Window System"yum install xterm1.4 关闭系统防火墙开机启动service iptables stopchkconfig iptables off2.创建ORACLE 用户和组成员--------------------------------------------------------------------------------groupadd oinstall
groupadd dba
groupadd oper
groupadd asmadmin
groupadd asmdba
groupadd asmoperuseradd -g oinstall -G dba,asmdba,oper oracle
useradd -g oinstall -G dba,asmadmin,asmdba,asmoper grid 分别指定oracle、grid用户的密码passwd oracle
passwd grid3.创建以下目录并赋予对应权限--------------------------------------------------------------------------------mkdir -p /u01/app/11.2.0/grid
mkdir -p /u01/app/grid
mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1
chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01/app
chmod -R 775 /u01/app4.设置oracle、grid用户的环境变量--------------------------------------------------------------------------------4.1 oracle用户登陆: vi ~/.bash_profileexport ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle
export ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:.
export NLS_LANG=american_america.ZHS16GBK
export ORACLE_SID=jyzhao
export PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/bin:.4.2 grid用户登录：vi ~/.bash_profileexport ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/grid
export ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/11.2.0/grid
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:.
export NLS_LANG=American_america.ZHS16GBK
export PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/bin:.
export ORACLE_SID=+ASM5.root用户更改系统参数--------------------------------------------------------------------------------5.1 vi /etc/sysctl.conffs.aio-max-nr = 1048576
fs.file-max = 6815744
kernel.shmall = 2097152
kernel.shmmax = 4398046511104 //一般设置为系统内存75%单位是字节
kernel.shmmni = 4096
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500
net.core.rmem_default = 262144
net.core.rmem_max = 4194304
net.core.wmem_default = 262144
net.core.wmem_max = 1048586使设置立即生效： /sbin/sysctl -p5.2 vi /etc/security/limits.conforacle soft nproc 2047
oracle hard nproc 16384
oracle soft nofile 1024
oracle hard nofile 65536
oracle soft stack 10240
grid soft nproc 2047
grid hard nproc 16384
grid soft nofile 1024
grid hard nofile 65536
grid soft stack 10245.3 vi /etc/pam.d/login#oraclesession required /lib64/security/pam_limits.sosession required pam_limits.so6.上传Oracle安装介质到/u01/tmp目录下--------------------------------------------------------------------------------mkdir -p /u01/tmpp13390677_112040_Linux-x86-64_1of7.zipp13390677_112040_Linux-x86-64_2of7.zipp13390677_112040_Linux-x86-64_3of7.zip7.安装grid组件--------------------------------------------------------------------------------#cd /u01/tmp/#unzip p10404530_112030_Linux-x86-64_3of7.zip#chown -R grid:oinstall gridXmanager软件用grid用户登录$cd /u01/tmp/grid$./runInstaller图形界面安装，最后root用户执行两个脚本，执行脚本的屏幕输出如下： # /u01/app/oraInventory/orainstRoot.shChanging permissions of /u01/app/oraInventory.Adding read,write permissions for group.Removing read,write,execute permissions for world. Changing groupname of /u01/app/oraInventory to oinstall.The execution of the script is complete.# /u01/app/11.2.0/grid/root.shPerforming root user operation for Oracle 11g The following environment variables are set as: ORACLE_OWNER= grid ORACLE_HOME= /u01/app/11.2.0/grid Enter the full pathname of the local bin directory: [/usr/local/bin]: Copying dbhome to /usr/local/bin ... Copying oraenv to /usr/local/bin ... Copying coraenv to /usr/local/bin ... Creating /etc/oratab file...Entries will be added to the /etc/oratab file as needed byDatabase Configuration Assistant when a database is createdFinished running generic part of root script.Now product-specific root actions will be performed. To configure Grid Infrastructure for a Stand-Alone Server run the following command as the root user:/u01/app/11.2.0/grid/perl/bin/perl -I/u01/app/11.2.0/grid/perl/lib -I/u01/app/11.2.0/grid/crs/install /u01/app/11.2.0/grid/crs/install/roothas.plTo configure Grid Infrastructure for a Cluster execute the following command:/u01/app/11.2.0/grid/crs/config/config.shThis command launches the Grid Infrastructure Configuration Wizard. The wizard also supports silent operation, and the parameters can be passed through the response file that is available in the installation media.8.根据上步执行的脚本输出提示，确定单节点需要root用户执行下面的命令--------------------------------------------------------------------------------/u01/app/11.2.0/grid/perl/bin/perl -I/u01/app/11.2.0/grid/perl/lib -I/u01/app/11.2.0/grid/crs/install /u01/app/11.2.0/grid/crs/install/roothas.pl9.使用asmca创建ASM 磁盘组--------------------------------------------------------------------------------Xmanager软件用grid用户登录$asmca10.安装oralce软件--------------------------------------------------------------------------------#cd /u01/tmp/#unzip p13390677_112040_Linux-x86-64_1of7.zip;unzip p13390677_112040_Linux-x86-64_2of7.zip#chown -R oracle:oinstall databaseXmanager软件用oracle用户登录$cd /u01/tmp/database/$./runInstaller图形界面安装，最后root用户执行一个脚本#/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/root.sh11.创建数据库--------------------------------------------------------------------------------Xmanager软件用oracle用户登录$dbca图形界面建库，Storage Type选择ASM，+DATA1磁盘组，数据库字符集根据实际情况选择。12.使用grid用户创建监听--------------------------------------------------------------------------------Xmanager软件用grid用户登录$netca13.客户端测试数据库连接--------------------------------------------------------------------------------ping IP地址tnsping IP地址sqlplus system/oracle@IP地址/jyzhao14.由于lv的权限在重启后会变回root用户，需要添加开机启动脚本--------------------------------------------------------------------------------vi /etc/rc.d/rc.localchown grid:asmadmin /dev/mapper/ora*创建rc.local的链接文件ln -sf /etc/rc.d/rc.local /etc/rc.d/rc1.d/S999rc.local &&ln -sf /etc/rc.d/rc.local /etc/rc.d/rc2.d/S999rc.local &&ln -sf /etc/rc.d/rc.local /etc/rc.d/rc3.d/S999rc.local &&ln -sf /etc/rc.d/rc.local /etc/rc.d/rc4.d/S999rc.local &&ln -sf /etc/rc.d/rc.local /etc/rc.d/rc5.d/S999rc.local &&ln -sf /etc/rc.d/rc.local /etc/rc.d/rc6.d/S999rc.local15.重启测试--------------------------------------------------------------------------------15.1 关闭数据库# su - oracle$ sqlplus / as sysdbaSQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.4.0 Production on Thu Mar 12 14:14:38 2015Copyright （c） 1982, 2013, Oracle. All rights reserved.Connected to:Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.4.0 - 64bit ProductionWith the Partitioning, Automatic Storage Management, OLAP, Data Miningand Real Application Testing options SQL> shutdown immediateDatabase closed.Database dismounted.ORACLE instance shut down.SQL>15.2 关闭has$ su - gridPassword:$ crsctl stop hasCRS-2791: Starting shutdown of Oracle High Availability Services-managed resources on "jy-db"CRS-2673: Attempting to stop "ora.LISTENER.lsnr" on "jy-db"CRS-2673: Attempting to stop "ora.DATA1.dg" on "jy-db"CRS-2677: Stop of "ora.LISTENER.lsnr" on "jy-db" succeededCRS-2677: Stop of "ora.DATA1.dg" on "jy-db" succeededCRS-2679: Attempting to clean "ora.DATA1.dg" on "jy-db"CRS-2681: Clean of "ora.DATA1.dg" on "jy-db" succeededCRS-2673: Attempting to stop "ora.asm" on "jy-db"CRS-2677: Stop of "ora.asm" on "jy-db" succeededCRS-2673: Attempting to stop "ora.cssd" on "jy-db"CRS-2677: Stop of "ora.cssd" on "jy-db" succeededCRS-2673: Attempting to stop "ora.evmd" on "jy-db"CRS-2677: Stop of "ora.evmd" on "jy-db" succeededCRS-2793: Shutdown of Oracle High Availability Services-managed resources on "jy-db" has completedCRS-4133: Oracle High Availability Services has been stopped.15.3 重启主机# sync# sync# sync# shutdown -Fr now Broadcast message from root@JY-DB （/dev/pts/0） at 14:20 ... The system is going down for reboot NOW！15.4主机启动后，查看crs状态# /u01/app/11.2.0/grid/bin/crsctl stat res -t--------------------------------------------------------------------------------NAME TARGET STATE SERVER STATE_DETAILS --------------------------------------------------------------------------------Local Resources--------------------------------------------------------------------------------ora.DATA1.dg ONLINE ONLINE jy-db ora.LISTENER.lsnr ONLINE ONLINE jy-db ora.asm ONLINE ONLINE jy-db Started ora.ons OFFLINE OFFLINE jy-db --------------------------------------------------------------------------------Cluster Resources--------------------------------------------------------------------------------ora.cssd 1 ONLINE ONLINE jy-db ora.diskmon 1 OFFLINE OFFLINE ora.evmd 1 ONLINE ONLINE jy-db ora.jyzhao.db 1 OFFLINE OFFLINE Instance Shutdown 15.5 启动数据库# /u01/app/11.2.0/grid/bin/srvctl start database -d jyzhao# /u01/app/11.2.0/grid/bin/crsctl stat res -t--------------------------------------------------------------------------------NAME TARGET STATE SERVER STATE_DETAILS --------------------------------------------------------------------------------Local Resources--------------------------------------------------------------------------------ora.DATA1.dg ONLINE ONLINE jy-db ora.LISTENER.lsnr ONLINE ONLINE jy-db ora.asm ONLINE ONLINE jy-db Started ora.ons OFFLINE OFFLINE jy-db --------------------------------------------------------------------------------Cluster Resources--------------------------------------------------------------------------------ora.cssd 1 ONLINE ONLINE jy-db ora.diskmon 1 OFFLINE OFFLINE ora.evmd 1 ONLINE ONLINE jy-db ora.jyzhao.db 1 ONLINE ONLINE jy-db Open 15.6 客户端测试C:UsersAlfred>sqlplus system/oracle@IP地址/jyzhaoSQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production on 星期四 3月 12 14:27:12 2015Copyright （c） 1982, 2010, Oracle. All rights reserved.连接到:Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.4.0 - 64bit ProductionWith the Partitioning, Automatic Storage Management, OLAP, Data Miningand Real Application Testing optionsSQL> 至此，Linux平台oracle 11g单实例 + ASM存储安装部署全部完成。Oracle ASM 如何添加新磁盘到磁盘 http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2015-01/111734.htmOracle 10g 手工创建ASM数据库 http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2013-01/78229.htmUbuntu 12.04（amd64）安装完Oracle 11gR2后各种问题解决方法 http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2013-06/86155.htm如何修改Oracle 10g ASM的sys密码 http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2012-11/75163.htm更多Oracle相关信息见Oracle 专题页面 http://www.linuxidc.com/topicnews.aspx？tid=12本文永久更新链接地址

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