搭建Oracle 到Oracle 的GoldenGate 单向复制测试环境

测试环境：OS： RedHat 5.4 64bitDB: Oracle 11.2.0.3 64bit示例采用GoldenGate典型的配置：在Source端，配置一个管理进程, 添加一个Extract进程，添加一个本地队列路径，定义一个远端的接收队列路径。
在Target端，配置一个管理进程和添加一个Replicat进程，指定一个应用队列，即抽取进程定义的远端队列。 GoldenGate单向表DML同步 http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2013-04/82942.htm Oracle GoldenGate 系列：Extract 进程的恢复原理 http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2013-04/82563.htm Oracle GoldenGate安装配置 http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2013-02/79455.htm Oracle goldengate的OGG-01004 OGG-1296错误 http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2011-08/40951.htm Oracle GoldenGate快速入门教程：基本概念和配置 http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2014-09/106677.htm搭建一个Oracle到Oracle的GoldenGate双向复制环境 http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2014-11/109101.htm 一.安装GG 软件

1.1 OS 和 DB 版本

[root@gg2 ~]# uname -aLinux gg2 2.6.18-164.el5xen #1 SMP Tue Aug18 15:59:52 EDT 2009 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux[root@gg2 ~]# cat /etc/redhat-releaseRed Hat Enterprise Linux Server release 5.4（Tikanga） SQL> select * from v$version whererownum=1;BANNER--------------------------------------------------------------------------------Oracle Database 11g Enterprise EditionRelease 11.2.0.3.0 - 64bit Production

1.2 安装GG

在source database 和 target database 都执行如下操作：[root@gg2 ~]# su - oraclegg2:/home/oracle> mkdir /u01/ggategg2:/home/oracle> cd /u01gg2:/u01> lsapp ggatefbo_ggs_Linux_x64_ora11g_64bit.tar OGG_WinUnix_Rel_Notes_11.1.1.1.0.pdffbo_ggs_Linux_x64_ora11g_64bit.zip README.txtgg2:/u01> tar xvffbo_ggs_Linux_x64_ora11g_64bit.tar -C /u01/ggate

1.3 添加环境变量

在/home/oracle/.bash_profile文件里添加如下内容：export PATH=/u01/ggate:$PATHexportLD_LIBRARY_PATH=/u01/ggate:$LD_LIBRARY_PATHexport GGATE=/u01/ggate 注意我这里的GG 和Oracle 使用的是相同的用户，所以把GG 的变量加上就可以了。加载刚刚设置的环境变量：gg2:/home/oracle> source/home/oracle/.bash_profile

1.4 使用ggsci工具，创建必要的目录

gg1:/u01/ggate> ggsci--调用ggsci 工具Oracle GoldenGate Command Interpreter forOracleVersion 11.1.1.1OGGCORE_11.1.1_PLATFORMS_110421.2040Linux, x64, 64bit （optimized）, Oracle 11gon Apr 21 2011 22:42:14 Copyright （C） 1995, 2011, Oracle and/or itsaffiliates. All rights reserved. GGSCI （gg1） 1> create subdirs--使用ggsci 工具创建目录Creating subdirectories under currentdirectory /u01/ggate Parameter files /u01/ggate/dirprm: createdReport files /u01/ggate/dirrpt: createdCheckpoint files /u01/ggate/dirchk: createdProcess status files /u01/ggate/dirpcs: createdSQL script files /u01/ggate/dirsql: createdDatabase definitions files /u01/ggate/dirdef: createdExtract data files /u01/ggate/dirdat: createdTemporary files /u01/ggate/dirtmp: createdVeridata files /u01/ggate/dirver: createdVeridata Lock files /u01/ggate/dirver/lock: createdVeridata Out-Of-Sync files /u01/ggate/dirver/oos: createdVeridata Out-Of-Sync XML files/u01/ggate/dirver/oosxml: createdVeridata Parameter files /u01/ggate/dirver/params: createdVeridata Report files /u01/ggate/dirver/report: createdVeridata Status files /u01/ggate/dirver/status: createdVeridata Trace files /u01/ggate/dirver/trace: createdStdout files /u01/ggate/dirout: created GGSCI （gg1） 2> 以上就是GG 的安装，在source 和target database 都执行。

二.配置Source database

GoldenGate通过抓取源端数据库重做日志进行分析，将获取的数据应用到目标端，实现数据同步。因此，源数据库需要必须处于归档模式，并启用附加日志和强制日志。

2.1 归档模式、附加日志、强制日志

--查看SQL> select log_mode,supplemental_log_data_min,force_logging from v$database;LOG_MODE SUPPLEME FOR------------ -------- ---ARCHIVELOG NO NO --修改（1）archivelogSQL>shutdown immediateSQL>startup mountSQL>alter database archivelog;SQL>alter database open;（2） force loggingSQL>alterdatabase force logging;（3）supplemental log dataSQL>alterdatabase add supplemental log data;

2.2 Oracle 9i的_LOG_PARALLELISM参数

如果是Oracle 9i的数据库，还需要将_LOG_PARALLELISM 参数设置为1. 因为GG 不支持该值超过1.If using OracleGoldenGate for an Oracle 9i source database, set the _LOG_PARALLELISMparameter to 1. Oracle GoldenGate does not support values higher than 1.

2.3 启用DDL 支持

GG虽然支持DDL，但是也是有限制的，GG 支持DDL 也是通过创建一些table 来保存这些DDL 的信息，关于这些table 的具体说明，在如下链接的第二小节：启用GG 对DDL 操作的支持有详细说明:对于这些存放DDL 信息表的管理的理论支持，参考如下链接的第四小结：Managing theOracle DDL replication environment。这块的测试内容会另篇Blog进行测试。

2.3.1 禁用Recycle Bin

如果启用DDL 支持，必须关闭recycle bin。官网的解释如下：If the recyclebin is enabled, the Oracle GoldenGate DDL trigger session receives implicitrecycle bin DDL operations that cause the trigger to fail. Oracle 11g：SQL> alter system set recyclebin=offscope=spfile;System altered. 如果数据库是10g，需要关闭recyclebin并重启；或者手工purge recyclebin。

2.3.2 创建存放DDL 信息的user并赋权

SQL> create user ggate identified by ggate default tablespace users temporary tablespace temp;User created.SQL> grant connect,resource to ggate;Grant succeeded.SQL> grant execute on utl_file to ggate;Grant succeeded. 退出所有使用Oracle 的session，然后使用SYSDBA权限的用户执行如下脚本： gg1:/u01/ggate> echo $GGATE/u01/ggate--进入GG的目录，然后调用脚本：gg1:/home/oracle> cd $GGATEgg1:/u01/ggate> sqlplus / as sysdba;SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.3.0 Production onTue Nov 8 19:41:58 2011 Copyright （c） 1982, 2011, Oracle. All rights reserved. Connected to:Oracle Database 11g Enterprise EditionRelease 11.2.0.3.0 - 64bit ProductionWith the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Miningand Real Application Testing options--脚本1：SQL> @marker_setup.sql; Marker setup script You will be prompted for the name of aschema for the GoldenGate database objects.NOTE: The schema must be created prior torunning this script.NOTE: Stop all DDL replication beforestarting this installation.--输入我们之前创建的用户名：Enter GoldenGate schema name:ggate Marker setup table script complete, runningverification script...Please enter the name of a schema for theGoldenGate database objects:Setting schema name to GGATE MARKER TABLE-------------------------------OKMARKER SEQUENCE-------------------------------OKScript complete. --脚本2：SQL> @ddl_setup.sql; GoldenGate DDL Replication setup script Verifying that current user has privilegesto install DDL Replication... You will be prompted for the name of aschema for the GoldenGate database objects.NOTE: For an Oracle 10g source, the systemrecycle bin must be disabled. For Oracle 11g and later, it can be enabled.--注意这里提示我们在10g里，必须关闭recycle bin，在11g以后的版本，可以不用关闭。NOTE: The schema must be created prior torunning this script.NOTE: Stop all DDL replication beforestarting this installation. --提示输入GG的用户：Enter GoldenGate schema name:ggate You will be prompted for the mode ofinstallation.To install or reinstall DDL replication,enter INITIALSETUPTo upgrade DDL replication, enter NORMAL--这里让我们选择安装模式： install 和 reinstall 选择INITIALSETUPEnter mode of installation:INITIALSETUP Working, please wait ...Spooling to file ddl_setup_spool.txt Checking for sessions that are holdinglocks on Oracle Golden Gate metadata tables ... Check complete. Using GGATE as a GoldenGate schema name,INITIALSETUP as a mode of installation. Working, please wait ... DDL replication setup script complete,running verification script...Please enter the name of a schema for theGoldenGate database objects:Setting schema name to GGATE DDLORA_GETTABLESPACESIZE STATUS:…… STATUS OF DDL REPLICATION-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------SUCCESSFUL installation of DDL Replicationsoftware components Script complete. --脚本3：SQL> @role_setup.sql; GGS Role setup script This script will drop and recreate the roleGGS_GGSUSER_ROLETo use a different role name, quit thisscript and then edit the params.sql script to change the gg_role parameter tothe preferred name. （Do not run the script.） You will be prompted for the name of aschema for the GoldenGate database objects.NOTE: The schema must be created prior torunning this script.NOTE: Stop all DDL replication beforestarting this installation.--同样输入GG用户名：Enter GoldenGate schema name:ggateWrote file role_setup_set.txt PL/SQL procedure successfully completed. Role setup script complete Grant this role to each user assigned tothe Extract, GGSCI, and Manager processes, by using the following SQL command:--这里提示我们赋权给相关的用户：GRANT GGS_GGSUSER_ROLE TO<loggedUser>where <loggedUser> is the userassigned to the GoldenGate processes. --脚本4：赋权SQL> grant GGS_GGSUSER_ROLE to ggate;Grant succeeded. --脚本5：SQL> @ddl_enable.sql;Trigger altered. 注意这里脚本创建的table都是使用默认的名称，当然也可以修改这些table的默认名，具体这块参考之前的文档中的说明。更多详情见请继续阅读下一页的精彩内容： http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2014-11/109102p2.htm

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