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首页 / 数据库 / MySQL / 使用hint优化Oracle的执行计划

背景:某表忽然出现查询非常缓慢的情况,cost 100+ 秒以上;严重影响生产。Oracle入门教程:leading vs ordered hint  http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2012-03/56769.htmOracle hint 实践一列 leanding 驱动表和hash多块读取 http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2012-01/52039.htmOracle优化常用hint语句 http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2011-09/43104.htmOracle调优hint提示 http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2011-09/43103.htm原SQL:explain plan for
select * from (
select ID id,RET_NO retNo, FROM_SYS fromSy, TO_SYS toSys, COMMAND_CODE commandCode, COMMAND, STATUS,
EXT_CODE, ORIGN_CODE orignCode,error_message errorMessage, RE_F, RET_MSG retMsg
from interface_table where ((command_code in("AASSS")
   and  status in("F","E") and (re_f = "N") and FROM_SYS = "MEE")
   or (COMMAND_CODE in("XXXX","XXXX9") and FROM_SYS = "EXT" and RE_F = "N")
   ) and MOD(id, 1) = 0  order by id) where rownum <= 100  ;查看其执行计划:SELECT plan_table_output FROM TABLE(DBMS_XPLAN.DISPLAY("PLAN_TABLE"));
  1. Plan hash value: 1871549687
  2. ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  3. | Id | Operation | Name | Rows | Bytes | Cost (%CPU)| Time |
  4. ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  5. | 0 | SELECT STATEMENT | | 99 | 382K| 637 (1)| 00:00:08 |
  6. |* 1 | COUNT STOPKEY | | | | | |
  7. | 2 | VIEW | | 100 | 386K| 637 (1)| 00:00:08 |
  8. |* 3 | TABLE ACCESS BY INDEX ROWID| INTERFACE_TABLE | 355 | 55735 | 637 (1)| 00:00:08 |
  9. |* 4 | INDEX FULL SCAN | PK_INTERFACE_TABLE | 1439 | | 280 (2)| 00:00:04 |
  10. ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
优化后的SQL:explain plan for
select * from (
select /*+ index(INT_TABLE IX_INT_TABLE_2)*/ ID id,RET_NO retNo, FROM_SYS fromSy, TO_SYS toSys, COMMAND_CODE commandCode, COMMAND, STATUS,
EXT_CODE, ORIGN_CODE orignCode,error_message errorMessage, RE_F, RET_MSG retMsg
from interface_table where ((command_code in("AASSS")
   and  status in("F","E") and (re_f = "N") and FROM_SYS = "MEE")
   or (COMMAND_CODE in("XXXX","XXXX9") and FROM_SYS = "EXT" and RE_F = "N")
   ) and MOD(id, 1) = 0 order by id) where rownum <= 100  ;查看其执行计划:SELECT plan_table_output FROM TABLE(DBMS_XPLAN.DISPLAY("PLAN_TABLE"));
  1. Plan hash value: 3625182869
  2. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  3. | Id | Operation | Name | Rows | Bytes | Cost (%CPU)| Time |
  4. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  5. | 0 | SELECT STATEMENT | | 99 | 382K| 19105 (1)| 00:03:50 |
  6. |* 1 | COUNT STOPKEY | | | | | |
  7. | 2 | VIEW | | 356 | 1376K| 19105 (1)| 00:03:50 |
  8. |* 3 | SORT ORDER BY STOPKEY | | 356 | 55892 | 19105 (1)| 00:03:50 |
  9. | 4 | CONCATENATION | | | | | |
  10. |* 5 | TABLE ACCESS BY INDEX ROWID| INTERFACE_TABLE | 69 | 10833 | 9552 (1)| 00:01:55 |
  11. |* 6 | INDEX RANGE SCAN | IX_INTERFACE_TABLE_2 | 77145 | | 99 (0)| 00:00:02 |
  12. |* 7 | TABLE ACCESS BY INDEX ROWID| INTERFACE_TABLE | 287 | 45059 | 9552 (1)| 00:01:55 |
  13. |* 8 | INDEX RANGE SCAN | IX_INTERFACE_TABLE_2 | 77145 | | 99 (0)| 00:00:02 |
  14. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
比较:查看执行计划,原来是使用 full scan - 当数据量大时非常慢;优化后oracle优先走range scan,hint 的 index 是未处理标识字段的索引,正常情况下这个数据集合相对较小--------所以可以达到优化目的。具体情况具体分析,我们必须要看实际的表存的业务数据,分析其业务关系找到最小业务集合;后者要看懂执行计划,根据rows, bytes, cost, time 找到最优项目。这个分析顺序不能倒置。问题:为何使用 rownum 后,oracle执行计划会走full scan?本文永久更新链接地址