Objective-C的异常比较像Java的异常处理,也有@finally的处理,不管异常是否捕获都都要执行。异常处理捕获的语法:
- @try {
- <#statements#>
- }
- @catch (NSException *exception) {
- <#handler#>
- }
- @finally {
- <#statements#>
- }
@catch{} 块 对异常的捕获应该先细后粗,即是说先捕获特定的异常,再使用一些泛些的异常类型。我们自定义两个异常类,看看异常异常处理的使用。
1、新建SomethingException,SomeOverException这两个类,都继承与NSException类。
SomethingException.h
- #import <Foundation/Foundation.h>
-
- @interface SomethingException : NSException
-
- @end
SomethingException.m
- #import "SomethingException.h"
-
- @implementation SomethingException
-
- @end
SomeOverException.h
- #import <Foundation/Foundation.h>
-
- @interface SomeOverException : NSException
-
- @end
SomeOverException.m
- #import "SomeOverException.h"
-
- @implementation SomeOverException
-
- @end
2、新建Box类,在某些条件下产生异常。
- #import <Foundation/Foundation.h>
-
- @interface Box : NSObject
- {
- NSInteger number;
- }
- -(void) setNumber: (NSInteger) num;
- -(void) pushIn;
- -(void) pullOut;
- -(void) printNumber;
- @end
- @implementation Box
- -(id) init {
- self = [super init];
-
- if ( self ) {
- [self setNumber: 0];
- }
-
- return self;
- }
-
- -(void) setNumber: (NSInteger) num {
- number = num;
-
- if ( number > 10 ) {
- NSException *e = [SomeOverException
- exceptionWithName: @"BoxOverflowException"
- reason: @"The level is above 100"
- userInfo: nil];
- @throw e;
- } else if ( number >= 6 ) {
- // throw warning
- NSException *e = [SomethingException
- exceptionWithName: @"BoxWarningException"
- reason: @"The level is above or at 60"
- userInfo: nil];
- @throw e;
- } else if ( number < 0 ) {
- // throw exception
- NSException *e = [NSException
- exceptionWithName: @"BoxUnderflowException"
- reason: @"The level is below 0"
- userInfo: nil];
- @throw e;
- }
- }
-
- -(void) pushIn {
- [self setNumber: number + 1];
- }
-
- -(void) pullOut {
- [self setNumber: number - 1];
- }
-
- -(void) printNumber {
- NSLog(@"Box number is: %d", number);
- }
- @end
这个类的作用是,初始化Box时,number数字是0,可以用pushIn 方法往Box里推入数字,每调用一次,number加1.当number数字大于等于6时产生SomethingException异常,告诉你数字达到或超过6了,超过10时产生SomeOverException异常,小于1时产生普通的NSException异常。这里写 [SomeOverException exceptionWithName:@"BoxOverflowException" reason:@"The level is above 100"异常的名称和理由,在捕获时可以获取。