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语言_地域.字符集
SIMPLIFIED CHINESE_CHINA.ZHS16GBK
set nls_lang="SIMPLIFIED CHINESE_CHINA.ZHS16GBK" 
Oracle修改服务器端字符集：
SQL>SHUTDOWN IMMEDIATE;
SQL>STARTUP MOUNT;
SQL>ALTER SYSTEM ENABLE RESTRICTED SESSION;
SQL>ALTER SYSTEM SET JOB_QUEUE_PROCESSES=0;
SQL>ALTER SYSTEM SET AQ_TM_PROCESSES=0;
SQL>ALTER DATABASE OPEN;
SQL>ALTER DATABASE CHARACTER SET ZHS16GBK;
如果出现了 ERROR at line 1: ORA-12712: new character set must be a superset of old character set
SQL> ALTER DATABASE character set INTERNAL_USE zhs16gbk; # 使用INTERNAL_USE可以跳过超集的检查,
ALTER DATABASE character set INTERNAL_USE
SQL>SHUTDOWN IMMEDIATE;
SQL>STARTUP 再检查就发现已经把字符集修整过来了
NLS_LANG=AMERICAN_AMERICA.ZHS16GBK
##################################################################################################################
--当前会话的信息
SQL> select * from Nls_session_parameters;
PARAMETER   VALUE
-------------------- ----------------------------------------
NLS_LANGUAGE   AMERICAN
NLS_TERRITORY   AMERICA
NLS_CURRENCY   $
NLS_ISO_CURRENCY   AMERICA
NLS_NUMERIC_CHARACTE .,
RS
NLS_CALENDAR   GREGORIAN
NLS_DATE_FORMAT      DD-MON-RR
NLS_DATE_LANGUAGE    AMERICAN
NLS_SORT   BINARY
NLS_TIME_FORMAT      HH.MI.SSXFF AM
NLS_TIMESTAMP_FORMAT DD-MON-RR HH.MI.SSXFF AM
NLS_TIME_TZ_FORMAT HH.MI.SSXFF AM TZR
NLS_TIMESTAMP_TZ_FOR DD-MON-RR HH.MI.SSXFF AM TZR
MAT
NLS_DUAL_CURRENCY    $
NLS_COMP   BINARY
NLS_LENGTH_SEMANTICS BYTE
NLS_NCHAR_CONV_EXCP  FALSE
17 rows selected. 
--实例的信息
SQL> select * from Nls_instance_parameters;
PARAMETER   VALUE
-------------------- ----------------------------------------
NLS_LANGUAGE   AMERICAN
NLS_TERRITORY   AMERICA
NLS_SORT
NLS_DATE_LANGUAGE
NLS_DATE_FORMAT
NLS_CURRENCY
NLS_NUMERIC_CHARACTE
RS
NLS_ISO_CURRENCY
NLS_CALENDAR
NLS_TIME_FORMAT
NLS_TIMESTAMP_FORMAT
NLS_TIME_TZ_FORMAT
NLS_TIMESTAMP_TZ_FOR
MAT
NLS_DUAL_CURRENCY
NLS_COMP   BINARY
NLS_LENGTH_SEMANTICS BYTE
NLS_NCHAR_CONV_EXCP  FALSE
17 rows selected.  
--数据库的信息
SQL> select * from Nls_database_parameters;
PARAMETER   VALUE
-------------------- ----------------------------------------
NLS_LANGUAGE   AMERICAN
NLS_TERRITORY   AMERICA
NLS_CURRENCY   $
NLS_ISO_CURRENCY   AMERICA
NLS_NUMERIC_CHARACTE .,
RS
NLS_CHARACTERSET   WE8MSWIN1252
NLS_CALENDAR   GREGORIAN
NLS_DATE_FORMAT      DD-MON-RR
NLS_DATE_LANGUAGE    AMERICAN
NLS_SORT   BINARY
NLS_TIME_FORMAT      HH.MI.SSXFF AM
NLS_TIMESTAMP_FORMAT DD-MON-RR HH.MI.SSXFF AM
NLS_TIME_TZ_FORMAT HH.MI.SSXFF AM TZR
NLS_TIMESTAMP_TZ_FOR DD-MON-RR HH.MI.SSXFF AM TZR
MAT
NLS_DUAL_CURRENCY    $
NLS_COMP   BINARY
NLS_LENGTH_SEMANTICS BYTE
NLS_NCHAR_CONV_EXCP  FALSE
NLS_NCHAR_CHARACTERS AL16UTF16
ET
NLS_RDBMS_VERSION    11.2.0.3.0
20 rows selected. 
SQL> select * from v$nls_parameters;
PARAMETER VALUE
---------------------------------------- ----------------------------------------
NLS_LANGUAGE AMERICAN
NLS_TERRITORY AMERICA
NLS_CURRENCY $
NLS_ISO_CURRENCY AMERICA
NLS_NUMERIC_CHARACTERS .,
NLS_CALENDAR GREGORIAN
NLS_DATE_FORMAT DD-MON-RR
NLS_DATE_LANGUAGE AMERICAN
NLS_CHARACTERSET WE8MSWIN1252
NLS_SORT   BINARY
NLS_TIME_FORMAT HH.MI.SSXFF AM
PARAMETER VALUE
---------------------------------------- ----------------------------------------
NLS_TIMESTAMP_FORMAT DD-MON-RR HH.MI.SSXFF AM
NLS_TIME_TZ_FORMAT   HH.MI.SSXFF AM TZR
NLS_TIMESTAMP_TZ_FORMAT DD-MON-RR HH.MI.SSXFF AM TZR
NLS_DUAL_CURRENCY   $
NLS_NCHAR_CHARACTERSET AL16UTF16
NLS_COMP       BINARY
NLS_LENGTH_SEMANTICS BYTE
NLS_NCHAR_CONV_EXCP   FALSE
19 rows selected.
SQL>  
SQL> select * from v$nls_parameters;
PARAMETER VALUE
-------------------------------------------------- ----------------------------------------
NLS_LANGUAGE     SIMPLIFIED CHINESE
NLS_TERRITORY     CHINA
NLS_CURRENCY     ？
NLS_ISO_CURRENCY     CHINA
NLS_NUMERIC_CHARACTERS .,
NLS_CALENDAR     GREGORIAN
NLS_DATE_FORMAT     DD-MON-RR
NLS_DATE_LANGUAGE     SIMPLIFIED CHINESE
NLS_CHARACTERSET     WE8MSWIN1252
NLS_SORT       BINARY
NLS_TIME_FORMAT     HH.MI.SSXFF AM
NLS_TIMESTAMP_FORMAT DD-MON-RR HH.MI.SSXFF AM
NLS_TIME_TZ_FORMAT     HH.MI.SSXFF AM TZR
NLS_TIMESTAMP_TZ_FORMAT DD-MON-RR HH.MI.SSXFF AM TZR
NLS_DUAL_CURRENCY     ？
NLS_NCHAR_CHARACTERSET AL16UTF16
NLS_COMP         BINARY
NLS_LENGTH_SEMANTICS BYTE
NLS_NCHAR_CONV_EXCP     FALSE
已选择19行。更多Oracle相关信息见Oracle 专题页面 http://www.linuxidc.com/topicnews.aspx？tid=12怎样编译Qt下的Oracle驱动配置和自动启动Oracle的监听（lsnrctl）相关资讯      Oracle字符集  Oracle支持中文 
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