RMAN catalog 的创建和使用

--==========================-- RMAN catalog 的创建和使用--========================== 一、创建恢复目录创建恢复目录一般分为三大步骤创建存放恢复目录的数据库（或使用已存在的数据库）创建恢复目录的的所有者创建恢复目录创建数据库可以参考：Oralce 10g 使用DBCA创建数据库 http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2013-08/88791.htm 在存储恢复目录的数据库创建表空间用于存储恢复目录schema及恢复目录数据（本文使用已经创建好的数据库catadb来存储恢复目录） SQL> create tablespace tbs_rman datafile "/u01/app/Oracle/oradata/catadb/tbs_rman01.dbf"--创建rman恢复目录表空间2size 200m autoextend on; SQL> create user rman identified by rman--创建rman schema2temporary tablespace temp3default tablespace tbs_rman4quota unlimited on tbs_rman; SQL> grant recovery_catalog_owner to rman;--角色授予 SQL> conn rman/rman SQL> select * from session_privs; PRIVILEGE----------------------------------------CREATE SESSIONALTER SESSIONCREATE TABLECREATE CLUSTERCREATE SYNONYMCREATE VIEWCREATE SEQUENCECREATE DATABASE LINKCREATE PROCEDURECREATE TRIGGERCREATE TYPESQL> select * from session_roles; ROLE------------------------------RECOVERY_CATALOG_OWNER RMAN> connect catalog rman/rman@catadb--连接到恢复目录 connected to recovery catalog database RMAN> create catalog tablespace tbs_rman;--创建恢复目录 recovery catalog created [oracle@oradb ~]$ rman target sys/RedHat@orcl catalog rman/rman@catadb--连接到目标数据库及恢复目录 connected to target database: ORCL （DBID=1260850162）connected to recovery catalog database RMAN> register database;--将目标数据库注册到恢复目录 database registered in recovery catalogstarting full resync of recovery catalogfull resync complete 二、基于恢复目录的备份 1.查看相关信息RMAN> list incarnation; List of Database IncarnationsDB KeyInc Key DB NameDB IDSTATUSReset SCNReset Time------- ------- -------- ---------------- --- ---------- ----------18ORCL1260850162PARENT130-JUN-0512ORCL1260850162CURRENT 44607522-OCT-10 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- RMAN> crosscheck copy;--校验copyRMAN> delete expired copy;--删除过期的copy 2.全备RMAN> run{2> allocate channel ch1 device type disk;3>backup as compressed backupset4> database plus archivelog delete input 5> format="/u01/app/oracle/bk/rmbk/Whole_%d_%U"6>tag="Whole_bak";7> release channel ch1;} 3.增量备份（0级）RMAN> run{2> allocate channel ch1 device type disk;3> allocate channel ch2 device type disk; 4> backup as compressed backupset5> incremental level 06> database plus archivelog delete input7> format="/u01/app/oracle/bk/rmbk/Inc_0_%d_%U"8> tag="Inc_0";9> release channel ch1;10> release channel ch2;} RMAN> list backup summary; 4.增量备份（1级）RMAN> run{2> allocate channel ch1 device type disk;3> allocate channel ch2 device type disk;4> backup as compressed backupset5> incremental level 1 database 6> format="/u01/app/oracle/bk/rmbk/Inc_1_%d_%U"7> tag="Inc_1";8> release channel ch1;9> release channel ch2;} RMAN> list backup by file; 5.累计增量备份（1级）RMAN> run{2> allocate channel ch1 device type disk;3> backup as compressed backupset4> incremental level 1 cumulative database5> format "/u01/app/oracle/bk/rmbk/Cum_1_%d_%U"6> tag="Cum_1";7> release channel ch1;} 6.备份表空间RMAN> run{2> allocate channel ch1 device type disk;3> backup as compressed backupset4> tablespace users,example5> format="/u01/app/oracle/bk/rmbk/tbs_%d_%U"6> tag="tbs"; RMAN> list backupset tag=tbs; 7.备份数据文件RMAN> run{2> allocate channel ch1 device type disk;3> backup as compressed backupset4> datafile 35> format="/u01/app/oracle/bk/rmbk/df_%d_%U"6> tag="df";7> release channel ch1;} 8.备份归档日志备份归档日志前，建议先使用crosscheck校验一下crosscheck通常用于检查备份是否被删除，如果删除将会打上删除标签RMAN> crosscheck archivelog all; allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1channel ORA_DISK_1: sid=148 devtype=DISKvalidation succeeded for archived logarchive log filename=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/arch/log_1_117_733069427.arc recid=111 stamp=733171369Crosschecked 1 objects RMAN> sql "alter system switch logfile"; sql statement: alter system switch logfile RMAN> sql "alter system switch logfile"; sql statement: alter system switch logfile RMAN> list archivelog all; List of Archived Log CopiesKeyThrd SeqS Low TimeName------- ---- ------- - --------- ----4651117A 22-OCT-10 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/arch/log_1_117_733069427.arc5531118A 23-OCT-10 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/arch/log_1_118_733069427.arc5691119A 23-OCT-10 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/arch/log_1_119_733069427.arc 9.基于SCN来备份归档日志RMAN> run{2> allocate channel ch1 device type disk;3> backup as compressed backupset4> archivelog from scn 8480435> format="/u01/app/oracle/bk/rmbk/arc_%d_%U"6> tag="arc";7> release channel ch1;8> } 10.镜像备份RMAN> run{2> allocate channel ch1 device type disk;3> backup as copy datafile 1,44> format "/u01/app/oracle/bk/rmbk/df_%d_%U"5> tag "copybak";6> release channel ch1;} 11.其它RMAN> crosscheck backupset; RMAN> change backupset 1 RMAN> validate backupset RMAN> validate backupset 635; 12.基于catalog的数据库恢复请参考：基于catalog 的RMAN 备份与恢复更多Oracle相关信息见Oracle 专题页面 http://www.linuxidc.com/topicnews.aspx？tid=12中小型数据库 RMAN CATALOG 备份恢复方案（三）基于catalog 创建RMAN存储脚本相关资讯 rman catalog RMAN使用

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