Oracle 11.2.0.3管理ASM实例

ASM实例目前无论是在rac还是单实例数据库环境下都被广泛的采用，本文主要介绍Oracle 11.2.0.3环境下ASM实例的管理，主要包含以下内容：
1：ASM磁盘及磁盘组的状态查看
2：创建external 冗余磁盘组,添加，删除磁盘
3：创建normal redundancy磁盘组
4：normal redundancy下的failgroup测试
5：删除ASM磁盘组
6：其他asm实例初始化参数含义一：查看ASM磁盘及磁盘组状态
SQL> select * from v$asm_disk;
SQL> select * from v$asm_diskgroup;二：创建external 冗余磁盘组,添加，删除磁盘，删除磁盘的时候需要指定磁盘的name而不是path

SQL> create diskgroup FRA external redundancy disk "/dev/asm-disk4";
Diskgroup created.
SQL> alter diskgroup fra add disk "/dev/asm-disk5" rebalance power 10;
Diskgroup altered.
SQL> select name,failgroup,path from v$asm_disk;
NAME FAILGROUPPATH
-------------------- -------------------- --------------------
DATA_0000DATA_0000/dev/asm-disk1
DATA_0001DATA_0001/dev/asm-disk3
DATA_0002DATA_0002/dev/asm-disk2
FRA_0000 FRA_0000 /dev/asm-disk4
FRA_0001 FRA_0001 /dev/asm-disk5
/dev/asm-disk6
/dev/asm-disk7
SQL> alter diskgroup fra drop disk "/dev/asm-disk4" rebalance power 10;
alter diskgroup fra drop disk "/dev/asm-disk4" rebalance power 10
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-15032: not all alterations performed
ORA-15054: disk "/DEV/ASM-DISK4" does not exist in diskgroup "FRA"
SQL> alter diskgroup fra drop disk "FRA_0000" rebalance power 10;
Diskgroup altered.

三：创建normal redundancy磁盘组

SQL> conn /as sysasm
Connected.
SQL> create diskgroup fra normal redundancy
failgroup fg1 disk "/dev/asm-disk4","/dev/asm-disk5"
failgroup fg2 disk "/dev/asm-disk6","/dev/asm-disk7"
attribute "compatible.rdbms"="11.2","compatible.asm"="11.2";
Diskgroup created.
SQL> select name, total_mb,free_mb,required_mirror_free_mb,usable_file_mb from v$asm_diskgroup;
NAME TOTAL_MBFREE_MB REQUIRED_MIRROR_FREE_MB USABLE_FILE_MB
---------- ---------- ---------- ----------------------- --------------
DATA6144054873 018291
FRA 8192081592 2048030556

四：failgroup测试；FAILGROUP是用于将磁盘分组，以保证丢失任何一组FAILGROUP磁盘，数据还是完整的,多用于多阵列，通过ASM来完成冗余的环境！
1：查看FRA磁盘组中failgroup信息及磁盘状态

SQL> select name,path,failgroup,mount_status from v$asm_disk where group_number=2;
NAME PATH FAILGROUPMOUNT_STATUS
-------------------- -------------------- ---------- ---------------------
FRA_0003 /dev/asm-disk7 FG2CACHED
FRA_0002 /dev/asm-disk6 FG2CACHED
FRA_0000 /dev/asm-disk4 FG1CACHED
FRA_0001 /dev/asm-disk5 FG1CACHED

2：在rdbms实例中创建表空间，建表并插入数据，收集表统计信息

SQL> create tablespace test01 datafile "+FRA";
Tablespace created.
ASMCMD> pwd
+fra/db/datafile
ASMCMD> ls
TEST01.256.800622493
SQL> create table t1 tablespace test01 as select * from dba_objects;
Table created.
SQL> exec dbms_stats.gather_table_stats（"SYS","T1"）;
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
SQL> select count（*） from t1;
COUNT（*）
----------
74501

3：删除udev相关规则，重启数据库实例和ASM实例，验证数据是否存在

SQL> conn /as sysasm
Connected.
SQL> alter diskgroup fra mount;
alter diskgroup fra mount
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-15032: not all alterations performed
ORA-15040: diskgroup is incomplete
ORA-15042: ASM disk "1" is missing from group number "2"
ORA-15042: ASM disk "0" is missing from group number "2"
SQL> alter diskgroup fra mount force;
Diskgroup altered.
SQL> select name,path,failgroup,mount_status from v$asm_disk;
NAME PATH FAILGROUPMOUNT_STATUS
---------- -------------------- -------------------- ---------------------
FRA_0000FG1MISSING
FRA_0001FG1MISSING
FRA_0002 /dev/asm-disk6 FG2CACHED
FRA_0003 /dev/asm-disk7 FG2CACHED
DATA_0000/dev/asm-disk1 DATA_0000CACHED
DATA_0002/dev/asm-disk2 DATA_0002CACHED
DATA_0001/dev/asm-disk3 DATA_0001CACHED
7 rows selected.
SQL> conn /as sysdba
Connected.
SQL> select count（*） from t1;
COUNT（*）
----------
74501

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