首页 / 操作系统 / Linux / Android 4.0 JNI Hello World 开发图解
之前之前用R4,现在一下就跳到用R7了,Android4.0出来过后,应该有不少热机友敢望资疗吧,OK,在网上偶尔浏览的时候,看到有很多初学者希望了解在ANDROID中NDK应用的开发,不知道它是怎么开发与运行的,今天我就简单来图解一个HelloWorld的简单实列吧,以好供初学者做给力的参考,OK,不废话了,直入正题吧:首先,我们得配置环境,当然这是在你本来就有SDK开发环境的情况下,请去官方下个NDK吧:http://www.android.com.,最新版本为android-ndk-r7-linux-x86.tar.bz2,即R7,我一直用的是LINUX,所以我下的是LINUX版本,如果你是WINDOWS或者MAC的话,你自己看着办吧,OK,下下来后,解压在你自己认为可以放的地方就行了,看目录:,以上为解压后的R7目录,先别急新建项目开发,先配置NDK环境:打开终端,输入命令:sudo vim ~/.baserc,打开后根据下面图,填入下下来的NDK目录路径: 在图中可以看到有这行:export NDK_HOME=/home/development/android/android-ndk-r7/ 即为NDK所需配置的环境路径。保存后,输入: source ~/.baserc 来使其配置立即生效,OK后,咋们来新创建一个项目,为jni_demo,下面我需要看当前那个目录截图,你会发现目录中有一个sample目录,里面就是其本身已有的列子,在这里我得提醒各位,不敢你遇到任何新的语言,先看它的Hello World列子,不要急于误打误撞的敲代码,先看清楚它的列子的运行效果,OK,在这里我们就以hello-jni这个列子来验证吧,打开这个目录:可看到有四个目录,一个是JNI为C~比源码处,一个是APP的RES,一个SRC为JAVA源代码,再一个就是测试目录,另外两个文件就不在这里说了,我们新建了项目后,需要写JNI代码与JAVA代码,所以在这里,我就直接把这里的jni里面的代码拷贝到我的项目中去,记得在自己的项目中需要新建一个jni文件,其拷贝的两个文件分别是:Android.mk与hello-jni.c,其Android.mk文件内容是: # Copyright (C) 2009 The Android Open Source Project # # Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); # you may not use this file except in compliance with the License. # You may obtain a copy of the License at # # http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 # # Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software # distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, # WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. # See the License for the specific language governing permissions and # limitations under the License. # LOCAL_PATH := $(call my-dir)
hello-jni.c文件的内容为:/* * Copyright (C) 2009 The Android Open Source Project * * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License. * You may obtain a copy of the License at * * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 * * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and * limitations under the License. * */ #include <string.h> #include <jni.h>
/* This is a trivial JNI example where we use a native method * to return a new VM String. See the corresponding Java source * file located at: * * apps/samples/hello-jni/project/src/com/example/HelloJni/HelloJni.java */ jstring Java_com_jsd_jni_demo_JsdJniActivity_getJniDatas( JNIEnv* env, jobject thiz ) { return (*env)->NewStringUTF(env, "This is for Datas from JNI !"); } 注意观察红色字体,其为项目目录路径地址,根据自己实际项目目录来定,好了,在新建ACTIVITY类中:package com.jsd.jni.demo;
/** Called when the activity is first created. */ @Override public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.main); findById(); }
/** * A native method that is implemented by the * "hello-jni" native library, which is packaged * with this application. * @return */ public native String getJniDatas();
/** *This is another native method declaration that is *not* * implemented by "hello-jni". This is simply to show that * you can declare as many native methods in your Java code * as you want, their implementation is searched in the * currently loaded native libraries only the first time * you call them. * * Trying to call this function will result in a * java.lang.UnsatisfiedLinkError exception ! * @return */ public native String unimplementedGetJniDatas();
/** * this is used to load the "hello-jni" library on application * startup. The library has already been unpacked into * /data/data/com.example.HelloJni/lib/libhello-jni.so at * installation time by the package manager. */ static{ System.loadLibrary("hello-jni"); } } 上面有注释,其native方法为JNI需要调用与执行的方法,在布局里就添加了一个按钮与一个文本,使用按钮单点后来获得文本显示的字符为JNI所得来的数据,其实这个过程很简单,基本就是NDK里面本身的列子般过来运行一样,等这都完了,先不要急于运行,你需要先把C文件进行编译后才能执行运行APP,在命令行进入其目录的JNI目录,使用ndk-build命令来构建编译:你会看到:jankey@jankey-ThinkPad-Edge:~/workspace/jni_demo/jni$ ndk-build Compile thumb : hello-jni <= hello-jni.c SharedLibrary : libhello-jni.so Install : libhello-jni.so => libs/armeabi/libhello-jni.so,生成了两个文件目录: 即两个.so为后缀的文件,在这里基本就没什么问题了,这样就建立了C与JAVA通信的一个过程,OK,使用CTRI+F11开始运行其APP: ,先我们可以单击来获取JNI返回回来的数据了: