连接MySQL操作是连接进程和MySQL数据库实例进行通信。从开发的角度来说,本质上是进程通信,常用的进程通信方式有管道、命名管道、命名字、TCP/IP套接字、Unix域名套接字
TCP/IP连接:TCP/IP套接字连接方式是MySQL在任何平台都提供的一种连接方式,也是网络中使用最多的一种方式。这种方式在TCP/IP连接上建立一个基于网络的连接请求,一般情况下客户端在一台服务器上,而MySQL实例在另外一台服务器上,这两台机器通过TCP/IP网络连接
- mysql> use mysql;
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- Readingtable information for completion of table and column names
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- Youcan turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A
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- Databasechanged
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- mysql>select user,host,password from user;
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- +------+-------------------+-------------------------------------------+
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- |user | host | password |
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- +------+-------------------+-------------------------------------------+
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- |root | localhost |*23AE809DDACAF96AF0FD78ED04B6A265E05AA257 |
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- |root | server.sxkeji.com | |
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- |root | 127.0.0.1 | |
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- | | localhost | |
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- | | server.sxkeji.com | |
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- | wu | % |*00A51F3F48415C7D4E8908980D443C29C69B60C9|
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- +------+-------------------+-------------------------------------------+
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- 6rows in set (0.01 sec)
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-
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- mysql>
首先远程连接的客户端连接的用户有权限才可以被连接,我们查看到了wu这个用户允许任何机器远程连接
- # mysql -h192.168.0.110 -uwu -p
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- Enterpassword:
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- Welcometo the MySQL monitor. Commands end with; or g.
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- YourMySQL connection id is 16
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- Serverversion: 5.1.52 Source distribution
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-
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- Copyright(c) 2000, 2010, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
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- Thissoftware comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY. This is free software,
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- andyou are welcome to modify and redistribute it under the GPL v2 license
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-
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- Type"help;" or "h" for help. Type "c" to clear the current input statement.
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- mysql>
Unix域套接字连接:在Linux和Unix环境下,还可以使用Unix域套接字连接。Unix域套接字其实不是网络协议,所以只能使用MySQL客户端和数据库实例在同一台服务器上的情况下使用。可以在配置文件中指定套接字文件路径,如-socket=/tmp/mysql.sock。当数据库启动之后使用如下方法查找套接字
- mysql>show variables like "socket"G
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- ***************************1. row ***************************
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- Variable_name:socket
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- Value: /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
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- 1row in set (0.00 sec)
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- mysql>
然后就可以通过套接字的方式连接了
- # mysql -uwu -S /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
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- Welcometo the MySQL monitor. Commands end with; or g.
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- YourMySQL connection id is 18
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- Serverversion: 5.1.52 Source distribution
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-
- Copyright(c) 2000, 2010, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
-
- Thissoftware comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY. This is free software,
-
- andyou are welcome to modify and redistribute it under the GPL v2 license
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- Type"help;" or "h" for help. Type "c" to clear the current input statement.
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- mysql>
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