启动与关闭Oracle rac数据库集群

和学操作系统一样，安装完RAC集群后，第一件事就是就是要学习如何启动和关闭，启动和关闭rac一般使用三种方式:sqlplus,srvctl以及dbconsole或者Oracle grid control,本节中简要介绍下使用srvctl启动和关闭rac数据库集群！使用crs_stat命令可以查询当前rac各节点下的asm实例，监听器，global service daemon,oracle notification server，vip，数据库实例是否正常！

[root@rac1 ~]# su - oracle
[oracle@rac1 ~]$ crs_stat -t -v
Name           Type           R/RA   F/FT   Target    State     Host
----------------------------------------------------------------------
ora....SM1.asm application    0/5    0/0    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac1
ora....C1.lsnr application    0/5    0/0    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac1
ora.rac1.gsd   application    0/5    0/0    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac1
ora.rac1.ons   application    0/3    0/0    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac1
ora.rac1.vip   application    0/0    0/0    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac1
ora....SM2.asm application    0/5    0/0    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac2
ora....C2.lsnr application    0/5    0/0    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac2
ora.rac2.gsd   application    0/5    0/0    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac2
ora.rac2.ons   application    0/3    0/0    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac2
ora.rac2.vip   application    0/0    0/0    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac2
ora.racdb.db   application    0/1    0/1    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac1
ora....b1.inst application    0/5    0/0    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac1
ora....b2.inst application    0/5    0/0    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac2

srvctl命令的使用
srvctl是service control的缩写，基本的用法是srvctl <command> <object> [<options>]，使用srvctl命令，可以对rac各个节点的数据库实例，asm实例和监听器等进行管理，挺方便的工具

[oracle@rac2 ~]$ srvctl
Usage: srvctl <command> <object> [<options>]
    command: enable|disable|start|stop|relocate|status|add|remove|modify|getenv|setenv|unsetenv|config
    objects: database|instance|service|nodeapps|asm|listener
For detailed help on each command and object and its options use:
    srvctl <command> <object> -h获取更详细的帮助
[oracle@rac2 ~]$ srvctl start asm -h
Usage: srvctl start asm -n <node_name> [-i <asm_inst_name>] [-o <start_options>] [-c <connect_str> | -q]
    -n <node>           Node name
    -i <asm_inst_name> ASM instance name
    -o <start_options> Options to startup command （e.g. open, mount, or nomount）
    -c <connstr>        Connect string （default: / as sysdba）
    -q                  Query connect string from standard input
    -h                  Print usage

关闭rac数据库

[oracle@rac2 ~]$ srvctl stop database -d racdb
[oracle@rac2 ~]$ crs_stat -t -v
Name           Type           R/RA   F/FT   Target    State     Host
----------------------------------------------------------------------
ora....SM1.asm application    0/5    0/0    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac1
ora....C1.lsnr application    0/5    0/0    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac1
ora.rac1.gsd   application    0/5    0/0    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac1
ora.rac1.ons   application    0/3    0/0    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac1
ora.rac1.vip   application    0/0    0/0    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac1
ora....SM2.asm application    0/5    0/0    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac2
ora....C2.lsnr application    0/5    0/0    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac2
ora.rac2.gsd   application    0/5    0/0    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac2
ora.rac2.ons   application    0/3    0/0    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac2
ora.rac2.vip   application    0/0    0/0    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac2
ora.racdb.db   application    0/1    0/1    OFFLINE   OFFLINE
ora....b1.inst application    0/5    0/0    OFFLINE   OFFLINE
ora....b2.inst application    0/5    0/0    OFFLINE   OFFLINE

关闭各节点的asm实例

[oracle@rac2 ~]$ srvctl stop asm -n rac1
[oracle@rac2 ~]$ srvctl stop asm -n rac2
[oracle@rac2 ~]$ crs_stat -t -v
Name           Type           R/RA   F/FT   Target    State     Host
----------------------------------------------------------------------
ora....SM1.asm application    0/5    0/0    OFFLINE   OFFLINE
ora....C1.lsnr application    0/5    0/0    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac1
ora.rac1.gsd   application    0/5    0/0    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac1
ora.rac1.ons   application    0/3    0/0    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac1
ora.rac1.vip   application    0/0    0/0    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac1
ora....SM2.asm application    0/5    0/0    OFFLINE   OFFLINE
ora....C2.lsnr application    0/5    0/0    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac2
ora.rac2.gsd   application    0/5    0/0    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac2
ora.rac2.ons   application    0/3    0/0    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac2
ora.rac2.vip   application    0/0    0/0    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac2
ora.racdb.db   application    0/1    0/1    OFFLINE   OFFLINE
ora....b1.inst application    0/5    0/0    OFFLINE   OFFLINE
ora....b2.inst application    0/5    0/0    OFFLINE   OFFLINE

关闭各节点的服务，包括gsd,ons，vip以及监听器

[oracle@rac2 ~]$ srvctl stop nodeapps -n rac1
[oracle@rac2 ~]$ srvctl stop nodeapps -n rac2
[oracle@rac2 ~]$ crs_stat -t -v
Name           Type           R/RA   F/FT   Target    State     Host
----------------------------------------------------------------------
ora....SM1.asm application    0/5    0/0    OFFLINE   OFFLINE
ora....C1.lsnr application    0/5    0/0    OFFLINE   OFFLINE
ora.rac1.gsd   application    0/5    0/0    OFFLINE   OFFLINE
ora.rac1.ons   application    0/3    0/0    OFFLINE   OFFLINE
ora.rac1.vip   application    0/0    0/0    OFFLINE   OFFLINE
ora....SM2.asm application    0/5    0/0    OFFLINE   OFFLINE
ora....C2.lsnr application    0/5    0/0    OFFLINE   OFFLINE
ora.rac2.gsd   application    0/5    0/0    OFFLINE   OFFLINE
ora.rac2.ons   application    0/3    0/0    OFFLINE   OFFLINE
ora.rac2.vip   application    0/0    0/0    OFFLINE   OFFLINE
ora.racdb.db   application    0/1    0/1    OFFLINE   OFFLINE
ora....b1.inst application    0/5    0/0    OFFLINE   OFFLINE
ora....b2.inst application    0/5    0/0    OFFLINE   OFFLINE

rac数据的关闭顺序是：关闭集群数据库实例--关闭各节点ASM实例--关闭各节点服务，启动的顺序则相反！

[oracle@rac2 ~]$ srvctl start nodeapps -n rac1
[oracle@rac2 ~]$ srvctl start nodeapps -n rac2
[oracle@rac2 ~]$ srvctl start asm -n rac1
[oracle@rac2 ~]$ srvctl start asm -n rac2
[oracle@rac2 ~]$ srvctl start instance -d racdb -i racdb1 -o mount
[oracle@rac2 ~]$ srvctl start instance -d racdb -i racdb2 -o open[oracle@rac2 ~]$ sqlplus sys/123456@racdb1 as sysdbaSQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Sat Nov 26 12:15:57 2011
Copyright （c） 1982, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.Connected to:
Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, Real Application Clusters, OLAP and Data Mining optionsSQL> select open_mode,name from v$database;OPEN_MODE                      NAME
------------------------------ ---------------------------
MOUNTED                        RACDBSQL> conn sys/123456@racdb2 as sysdba
Connected.
SQL> select open_mode,name from v$database;OPEN_MODE                      NAME
------------------------------ ---------------------------
READ WRITE                     RACDB

关闭rac节点中的某个实例

[oracle@rac2 ~]$ srvctl stop instance -d racdb -i racdb1 -o immediate
[oracle@rac2 ~]$ srvctl stop asm -n rac1
[oracle@rac2 ~]$ srvctl stop nodeapps -n rac1
[oracle@rac2 ~]$ crs_stat -t -v
Name           Type           R/RA   F/FT   Target    State     Host
----------------------------------------------------------------------
ora....SM1.asm application    0/5    0/0    OFFLINE   OFFLINE
ora....C1.lsnr application    0/5    0/0    OFFLINE   OFFLINE
ora.rac1.gsd   application    0/5    0/0    OFFLINE   OFFLINE
ora.rac1.ons   application    0/3    0/0    OFFLINE   OFFLINE
ora.rac1.vip   application    0/0    0/0    OFFLINE   OFFLINE
ora....SM2.asm application    0/5    0/0    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac2
ora....C2.lsnr application    0/5    0/0    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac2
ora.rac2.gsd   application    0/5    0/0    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac2
ora.rac2.ons   application    0/3    0/0    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac2
ora.rac2.vip   application    0/0    0/0    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac2
ora.racdb.db   application    0/1    0/1    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac2
ora....b1.inst application    0/5    0/0    OFFLINE   OFFLINE
ora....b2.inst application    0/5    0/0    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac2

禁止asm实例和数据库实例自启动

[oracle@rac2 ~]$ srvctl disable asm -n rac1
[oracle@rac2 ~]$ srvctl disable asm -n rac2
[oracle@rac2 ~]$ srvctl disable database -d racdb
[oracle@rac1 ~]$ uptime
21:46:45 up 2 min, 1 user, load average: 2.03, 0.78, 0.28
[oracle@rac1 ~]$ crs_stat -t -v
Name           Type           R/RA   F/FT   Target    State     Host
----------------------------------------------------------------------
ora....SM1.asm application    0/5    0/0    ONLINE    OFFLINE
ora....C1.lsnr application    0/5    0/0    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac1
ora.rac1.gsd   application    0/5    0/0    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac1
ora.rac1.ons   application    0/3    0/0    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac1
ora.rac1.vip   application    0/0    0/0    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac1
ora....SM2.asm application    0/5    0/0    ONLINE    OFFLINE
ora....C2.lsnr application    0/5    0/0    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac2
ora.rac2.gsd   application    0/5    0/0    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac2
ora.rac2.ons   application    0/3    0/0    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac2
ora.rac2.vip   application    0/0    0/0    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac2
ora.racdb.db   application    0/1    0/1    OFFLINE   OFFLINE
ora....b1.inst application    0/1    0/0    OFFLINE   OFFLINE
ora....b2.inst application    0/1    0/0    OFFLINE   OFFLINE

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