Oracle 集群（RAC）的启动与关闭

Oracle RAC启动与关闭的时候需要注意以下几点：一、检查共享设备
二、自动启动RAC并检查相关进程
三、手动启动RAC
四、在启动的过程中最好检测着crs、ASM和数据库的日志。一、检查共享设备一般情况下，存放OCR 和 Voting Disk 的OCFS2 或者raw 都是自动启动的。如果他们没有启动，RAC 肯定是启动不了的。 1.1 如果使用ocfs2的，检查ocfs2 状态/etc/init.d/o2cb status 在挂载之前，/etc/init.d/o2cb status 显示为Checking O2CB heartbeat: Not active。在格式化和挂载文件系统之前，应验证 O2CB 在两个节点上均联机；O2CB 心跳当前没有活动，因为文件系统还没有挂载。挂载之后就会变成active。mount -t ocfs2 -o datavolume /dev/sdb1 /u02/oradata/orcl 1,2. 如果使用raw device.[root@raw1 ~]# cd /dev/raw/[root@raw1 raw]# lsraw1 raw2或者：[root@raw1 init.d]# /etc/init.d/rawdevices status/dev/raw/raw1: bound to major 8, minor 17/dev/raw/raw2: bound to major 8, minor 18 1.3. 检查ASM /etc/init.d/oracleasm listdisks 二、自动启动RAC并检查相关进程 RAC 在启动的时候crs 等进程都是自动启动的：[root@rac1 init.d]# ls -l /etc/init.d/init.*-r-xr-xr-x 1 root root 1951 Feb 26 22:38 /etc/init.d/init.crs-r-xr-xr-x 1 root root 4714 Feb 26 22:38 /etc/init.d/init.crsd-r-xr-xr-x 1 root root 35394 Feb 26 22:38 /etc/init.d/init.cssd-r-xr-xr-x 1 root root 3190 Feb 26 22:38 /etc/init.d/init.evmd 我们要查看一下crs 的状态：正常情况下，进程都是online的www.linuxidc.com：[root@raw1 bin]# ./crs_stat -tName Type Target State Host------------------------------------------------------------ora.raw.db application ONLINE ONLINE raw1ora.raw.raw.cs application ONLINE ONLINE raw1ora....aw1.srv application ONLINE ONLINE raw1ora....aw2.srv application ONLINE ONLINE raw2ora....w1.inst application ONLINE ONLINE raw1ora....w2.inst application ONLINE ONLINE raw2ora....SM1.asm application ONLINE ONLINE raw1ora....W1.lsnr application ONLINE ONLINE raw1ora.raw1.gsd application ONLINE ONLINE raw1ora.raw1.ons application ONLINE ONLINE raw1ora.raw1.vip application ONLINE ONLINE raw1ora....SM2.asm application ONLINE ONLINE raw2ora....W2.lsnr application ONLINE ONLINE raw2ora.raw2.gsd application ONLINE ONLINE raw2ora.raw2.ons application ONLINE ONLINE raw2ora.raw2.vip application ONLINE ONLINE raw2如果出现以下情况：[root@rac2 bin]# ./crs_stat -tName Type Target State Host------------------------------------------------------------ora.rac.db application ONLINE UNKNOWN rac1ora....orcl.cs application ONLINE UNKNOWN rac1ora....ac1.srv application OFFLINE OFFLINEora....ac2.srv application OFFLINE OFFLINEora....c1.inst application ONLINE UNKNOWN rac1ora....c2.inst application ONLINE UNKNOWN rac2ora....SM1.asm application ONLINE ONLINE rac1ora....C1.lsnr application ONLINE UNKNOWN rac1ora.rac1.gsd application ONLINE UNKNOWN rac1ora.rac1.ons application ONLINE ONLINE rac1ora.rac1.vip application ONLINE ONLINE rac1ora....SM2.asm application ONLINE ONLINE rac2ora....C2.lsnr application ONLINE UNKNOWN rac2ora.rac2.gsd application ONLINE UNKNOWN rac2ora.rac2.ons application ONLINE ONLINE rac2ora.rac2.vip application ONLINE ONLINE rac2 解决方法： 1. 用crs_stat 查看进程全部信息：[root@rac2 bin]# ./crs_statNAME=ora.rac.dbTYPE=applicationTARGET=ONLINESTATE=ONLINE on rac2 NAME=ora.rac1.LISTENER_RAC1.lsnrTYPE=applicationTARGET=ONLINESTATE=UNKNOWN on rac1 NAME=ora.rac1.gsdTYPE=applicationTARGET=ONLINESTATE=UNKNOWN on rac1 NAME=ora.rac2.LISTENER_RAC2.lsnrTYPE=applicationTARGET=ONLINESTATE=UNKNOWN on rac2... ...2. 对于offline 的进程，我们可以直接手动的启动它[root@rac2 bin]# ./crs_start ora.rac.orcl.rac1.srvAttempting to start `ora.rac.orcl.rac1.srv` on member `rac1`Start of `ora.rac.orcl.rac1.srv` on member `rac1` succeeded.、 3. 对于UNKNOWN 的进程，我们可以先stop 它，在start。[root@rac2 bin]# ./crs_stop ora.rac2.gsdAttempting to stop `ora.rac2.gsd` on member `rac2`Stop of `ora.rac2.gsd` on member `rac2` succeeded.[root@rac2 bin]# ./crs_start ora.rac2.gsdAttempting to start `ora.rac2.gsd` on member `rac2`Start of `ora.rac2.gsd` on member `rac2` succeeded. 4. 如果crs_stop不能结束,crs_start 不能启动的进程，我们有2中方法来解决：4.1）是用crs_stop -f 参数把crs中状态是UNKNOWN的服务关掉，然后再用crs_start -f （加一个-f的参数）启动所有的服务就可以。要分别在两个节点上执行；[oracle@rac2 ~]$ crs_start -f ora.ora9i.ora9i2.instAttempting to start `ora.ora9i.ora9i2.inst` on member `rac2`Start of `ora.ora9i.ora9i2.inst` on member `rac2` succeeded.[oracle@rac2 ~]$ crs_stop -f ora.ora9i.dbAttempting to stop `ora.ora9i.db` on member `rac2`Stop of `ora.ora9i.db` on member `rac2` succeeded.4.2）转换到root用户下用/etc/init.d/init.crs stop先禁用crs，然后再用/etc/init.d/init.crs start去启用crs，启用crs后会自动启动crs的一系列服务，注意此种方法需要在两台节点上都执行； 5. 可以用命令一次启动和关闭相关进程[root@rac2 bin]# ./crs_stop -all[root@rac2 bin]# ./crs_start -all三、手动启动RAC 一般情况下每次节点启动的时候,所有服务都会自动启动,如果需要关闭或者启动某个节点,如下所示停止RAC： emctl stop dbconsole srvctl stop instance -d raw -i raw1 srvctl stop instance -d raw -i raw2 srvctl stop asm -n raw1 srvctl stop asm -n raw2 srvctl stop nodeapps -n raw1 srvctl stop nodeapps -n raw2 启动RAC：和上面的步骤正好相反即 srvctl start nodeapps -n raw1 srvctl start nodeapps -n raw2 srvctl start asm -n raw1 srvctl start asm -n raw2 srvctl start instance -d raw -i raw2 srvctl start instance -d orcl -i raw1 emctl start dbconsole 使用 SRVCTL 启动/停止所有实例及其启用的服务。 srvctl start database -d orcl srvctl stop database -d orcl 注：CRS Resource 包括GSD（Global Serveice Daemon）,ONS（Oracle Notification Service）,VIP, Database, Instance 和 Service. 这些资源被分成2类：GSD，ONS,VIP 和 Listener 属于Noteapps类Database，Instance 和Service 属于 Database-Related Resource 类。四、在启动的过程中最好检测着crs、ASM和数据???的日志：crs日志：[oracle@rac1 ~]$ tail -f /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/crs_1/log/rac1/alertrac1.log[oracle@rac2 ~]$ tail -f /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/crs_1/log/rac2/alertrac2.logASM日志：[oracle@rac1 ~]$ tail -f /u01/app/oracle/admin/+ASM/bdump/alert_+ASM1.log[oracle@rac2 ~]$ tail -f /u01/app/oracle/admin/+ASM/bdump/alert_+ASM2.log数据库日志：[oracle@rac1 ~]$ tail -f /u01/app/oracle/admin/ora9i/bdump/alert_ora9i1.log[oracle@rac2 ~]$ tail -f /u01/app/oracle/admin/ora9i/bdump/alert_ora9i2.logOracle 11g R1和R2官方下载地址RedHat下MySQL使用相关资讯 Oracle教程

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