OEL上使用yum install oracle-validated 简化主机配置工作

环境：OEL 5.7 + Oracle 10.2.0.5 RAC如果你正在用OEL（Oracle Enterprise Linux）系统部署Oracle，那么可以使用yum安装oracle-validated包来简化主机配置的部分工作。配置好yum本地源后，直接执行一条命令yum install oracle-validated检查发现它会自动做以下几件事：
1）安装oracle依赖包
2）/etc/sysctl.conf 增加oracle用户内容
3）/etc/security/limits.conf 增加oracle用户内容
4）创建Oracle 用户和相关组
这极大的简化了系统主机配置阶段我们要做的工作内容。
当然我们需要根据实际情况最好要确认/etc/sysctl.conf /etc/security/limits.conf内容合理性。

1. 安装oracle依赖包

yum install oracle-validated

[root@oradb28 yum.repos.d]# yum install oracle-validatedLoaded plugins: rhnplugin, securityThis system is not registered with ULN.ULN support will be disabled.Setting up Install ProcessResolving Dependencies--> Running transaction check---> Package oracle-validated.x86_64 0:1.1.0-14.el5 set to be updatedISO/filelists | 3.1 MB 00:00 --> Processing Dependency: gdb for package: oracle-validated--> Processing Dependency: sysstat for package: oracle-validated--> Processing Dependency: /usr/lib/libaio.so for package: oracle-validated--> Processing Dependency: glibc-headers for package: oracle-validated--> Processing Dependency: unixODBC-devel for package: oracle-validated--> Processing Dependency: /usr/lib64/libodbccr.so for package: oracle-validated--> Processing Dependency: gcc-c++ for package: oracle-validated--> Processing Dependency: libaio-devel for package: oracle-validated--> Processing Dependency: gcc for package: oracle-validated--> Processing Dependency: elfutils-libelf-devel for package: oracle-validated--> Processing Dependency: compat-gcc-34-c++ for package: oracle-validated--> Processing Dependency: /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-RedHat-linux/4.1.1/libstdc++.a for package: oracle-validated--> Processing Dependency: /usr/lib/libodbc.so.1 for package: oracle-validated--> Processing Dependency: compat-gcc-34 for package: oracle-validated--> Processing Dependency: /usr/lib/libc.so for package: oracle-validated--> Processing Dependency: /usr/lib64/libaio.so for package: oracle-validated--> Processing Dependency: /usr/lib64/libc.so for package: oracle-validated--> Processing Dependency: /usr/lib/libodbccr.so for package: oracle-validated--> Processing Dependency: kernel-headers for package: oracle-validated--> Processing Dependency: libXp.so.6 for package: oracle-validated--> Processing Dependency: libdb-4.2.so（）（64bit） for package: oracle-validated--> Processing Dependency: libodbc.so.1（）（64bit） for package: oracle-validated--> Running transaction check---> Package compat-db.x86_64 0:4.2.52-5.1 set to be updated---> Package compat-gcc-34.x86_64 0:3.4.6-4.1 set to be updated---> Package compat-gcc-34-c++.x86_64 0:3.4.6-4.1 set to be updated---> Package elfutils-libelf-devel.x86_64 0:0.137-3.el5 set to be updated--> Processing Dependency: elfutils-libelf-devel-static-x86_64 = 0.137-3.el5 for package: elfutils-libelf-devel---> Package gcc.x86_64 0:4.1.2-51.el5 set to be updated---> Package gcc-c++.x86_64 0:4.1.2-51.el5 set to be updated---> Package gdb.x86_64 0:7.0.1-37.el5 set to be updated---> Package glibc-devel.i386 0:2.5-65 set to be updated---> Package glibc-devel.x86_64 0:2.5-65 set to be updated---> Package glibc-headers.x86_64 0:2.5-65 set to be updated---> Package kernel-uek-headers.x86_64 0:2.6.32-200.13.1.el5uek set to be updated---> Package libXp.i386 0:1.0.0-8.1.el5 set to be updated---> Package libaio-devel.i386 0:0.3.106-5 set to be updated---> Package libaio-devel.x86_64 0:0.3.106-5 set to be updated---> Package libstdc++-devel.x86_64 0:4.1.2-51.el5 set to be updated---> Package sysstat.x86_64 0:7.0.2-11.el5 set to be updated---> Package unixODBC.i386 0:2.2.11-7.1 set to be updated---> Package unixODBC.x86_64 0:2.2.11-7.1 set to be updated---> Package unixODBC-devel.i386 0:2.2.11-7.1 set to be updated---> Package unixODBC-devel.x86_64 0:2.2.11-7.1 set to be updated--> Running transaction check---> Package elfutils-libelf-devel-static.x86_64 0:0.137-3.el5 set to be updated--> Finished Dependency ResolutionDependencies Resolved=================================================================================================================================================================================================================== Package ArchVersionRepositorySize===================================================================================================================================================================================================================Installing: oracle-validatedx86_641.1.0-14.el5 ISO 24 kInstalling for dependencies: compat-db x86_644.2.52-5.1 ISO1.6 M compat-gcc-34 x86_643.4.6-4.1ISO4.3 M compat-gcc-34-c++ x86_643.4.6-4.1ISO 13 M elfutils-libelf-devel x86_640.137-3.el5ISO 24 k elfutils-libelf-devel-staticx86_640.137-3.el5ISO 64 k gcc x86_644.1.2-51.el5 ISO5.3 M gcc-c++ x86_644.1.2-51.el5 ISO3.8 M gdb x86_647.0.1-37.el5 ISO2.4 M glibc-devel i3862.5-65 ISO2.0 M glibc-devel x86_642.5-65 ISO2.4 M glibc-headers x86_642.5-65 ISO594 k kernel-uek-headersx86_642.6.32-200.13.1.el5uek ISO724 k libXp i3861.0.0-8.1.el5ISO 22 k libaio-develi3860.3.106-5ISO 12 k libaio-develx86_640.3.106-5ISO 11 k libstdc++-devel x86_644.1.2-51.el5 ISO2.8 M sysstat x86_647.0.2-11.el5 ISO187 k unixODBCi3862.2.11-7.1 ISO830 k unixODBCx86_642.2.11-7.1 ISO835 k unixODBC-develi3862.2.11-7.1 ISO743 k unixODBC-develx86_642.2.11-7.1 ISO799 kTransaction Summary===================================================================================================================================================================================================================Install22 Package（s）Upgrade 0 Package（s）Total download size: 42 M...这里省略后面安装的输出提示，按提示输入y直接安装即可。

2. /etc/sysctl.conf 增加oracle用户内容

cat /etc/sysctl.conf 确认如下是自动增加的内容：

# For 11g, Oracle-Validated setting for fs.file-max is 6815744# For 10g, uncomment "fs.file-max = 327679", and comment "fs.file-max = 6553600" entry and re-run sysctl -p# fs.file-max = 327679fs.file-max = 6815744# Oracle-Validated setting for kernel.msgmni is 2878kernel.msgmni = 2878# Oracle-Validated setting for kernel.msgmax is 8192kernel.msgmax = 8192# Oracle-Validated setting for kernel.msgmnb is 65536kernel.msgmnb = 65536# Oracle-Validated setting for kernel.sem is "250 32000 100 142"kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 142# Oracle-Validated setting for kernel.shmmni is 4096kernel.shmmni = 4096# Oracle-Validated setting for kernel.shmall is 1073741824kernel.shmall = 1073741824# Oracle-Validated setting for kernel.shmmax is 4398046511104 on x86_64 and 4294967295 on i386 architecture. Refer Note id 567506.1kernel.shmmax = 4398046511104# Oracle-Validated setting for kernel.sysrq is 1kernel.sysrq = 1# Oracle-Validated setting for net.core.rmem_default is 262144net.core.rmem_default = 262144# For 11g, Oracle-Validated setting for net.core.rmem_max is 4194304# For 10g, uncomment "net.core.rmem_max = 2097152", comment "net.core.rmem_max = 4194304" entry and re-run sysctl -p# net.core.rmem_max = 2097152net.core.rmem_max = 4194304# Oracle-Validated setting for net.core.wmem_default is 262144net.core.wmem_default = 262144# For 11g, Oracle-Validated setting for net.core.wmem_max is 1048576# For 10g, uncomment "net.core.wmem_max = 262144", comment "net.core.wmem_max = 1048576" entry for this parameter and re-run sysctl -p# net.core.wmem_max = 262144net.core.wmem_max = 1048576# Oracle-Validated setting for fs.aio-max-nr is 3145728fs.aio-max-nr = 3145728# For 11g, Oracle-Validated setting for net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range is 9000 65500# For 10g, uncomment "net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 1024 65000", comment "net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500" entry and re-run sysctl -p# net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 1024 65000net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500# Oracle-Validated setting for vm.min_free_kbytes is 51200 to avoid OOM killervm.min_free_kbytes = 51200

可以看到每条内核参数都有清晰明了的注释，我这里是安装10g RAC，那么就按照注释说明，将那些For 10g的参数启用即可。

3. /etc/security/limits.conf 增加oracle用户内容

cat /etc/security/limits.conf 确认如下是自动增加的内容：

# Oracle-Validated setting for nofile soft limit is 131072oracle soft nofile131072# Oracle-Validated setting for nofile hard limit is 131072oracle hard nofile131072# Oracle-Validated setting for nproc soft limit is 131072oracle soft nproc131072# Oracle-Validated setting for nproc hard limit is 131072oracle hard nproc131072# Oracle-Validated setting for core soft limit is unlimitedoracle soft coreunlimited# Oracle-Validated setting for core hard limit is unlimitedoracle hard coreunlimited# Oracle-Validated setting for memlock soft limit is 50000000oracle soft memlock50000000# Oracle-Validated setting for memlock hard limit is 50000000oracle hard memlock50000000

由于我接下来要安装Oracle10g RAC，只用到一个oracle用户，所以这里不需要修改，如果你装的是11g RAC，则需要手工添加grid用户的资源使用限制条目。

4. 创建Oracle 用户和相关组

查看已经创建了oracle用户，组oinstall和dba

[root@oradb28 cdrom]# id oracleuid=54321（oracle） gid=54321（oinstall） groups=54321（oinstall）,54322（dba） context=root:system_r:unconfined_t:SystemLow-SystemHigh

安装RAC需要确定各节点oracle用户和组的uid，gid保持一致，由于它自动生成的uid和gid的对应数字很大，所以一般都一致。这样一来，在OEL系统上安装Oracle前的主机配置系列工作将得到简化，我们不必再去过多的考虑需要哪些依赖包和内核参数设置的问题了。本文永久更新链接地址