java io学习(十四) DataOutputStream的认知、源码和示例2014-08-12DataOutputStream(数据输出流)的认知、源码和示例本章介绍DataOutputStream。我们先对DataOutputStream有个大致认识,然后再深入学习它的源码,最后通过示例加深对它的了解。DataOutputStream 介绍DataOutputStream 是数据输出流。它继承于FilterOutputStream。DataOutputStream 是用来装饰其它输出流,将DataOutputStream和DataInputStream输入流配合使用,“允许应用程序以与机器无关方式从底层输入流中读写基本 Java 数据类型”。DataOutputStream 源码分析(基于jdk1.7.40)
package java.io; public class DataOutputStream extends FilterOutputStream implements DataOutput {// “数据输出流”的字节数protected int written; // “数据输出流”对应的字节数组private byte[] bytearr = null; // 构造函数public DataOutputStream(OutputStream out) {super(out);} // 增加“输出值”private void incCount(int value) {int temp = written + value;if (temp < 0) {temp = Integer.MAX_VALUE;}written = temp;} // 将int类型的值写入到“数据输出流”中public synchronized void write(int b) throws IOException {out.write(b);incCount(1);} // 将字节数组b从off开始的len个字节,都写入到“数据输出流”中public synchronized void write(byte b[], int off, int len)throws IOException{out.write(b, off, len);incCount(len);} // 清空缓冲,即将缓冲中的数据都写入到输出流中public void flush() throws IOException {out.flush();} // 将boolean类型的值写入到“数据输出流”中public final void writeBoolean(boolean v) throws IOException {out.write(v ? 1 : 0);incCount(1);} // 将byte类型的值写入到“数据输出流”中public final void writeByte(int v) throws IOException {out.write(v);incCount(1);} // 将short类型的值写入到“数据输出流”中// 注意:short占2个字节public final void writeShort(int v) throws IOException {// 写入 short高8位 对应的字节out.write((v >>> 8) & 0xFF);// 写入 short低8位 对应的字节out.write((v >>> 0) & 0xFF);incCount(2);} // 将char类型的值写入到“数据输出流”中// 注意:char占2个字节public final void writeChar(int v) throws IOException {// 写入 char高8位 对应的字节out.write((v >>> 8) & 0xFF);// 写入 char低8位 对应的字节out.write((v >>> 0) & 0xFF);incCount(2);} // 将int类型的值写入到“数据输出流”中// 注意:int占4个字节public final void writeInt(int v) throws IOException {out.write((v >>> 24) & 0xFF);out.write((v >>> 16) & 0xFF);out.write((v >>>8) & 0xFF);out.write((v >>>0) & 0xFF);incCount(4);} private byte writeBuffer[] = new byte[8]; // 将long类型的值写入到“数据输出流”中// 注意:long占8个字节public final void writeLong(long v) throws IOException {writeBuffer[0] = (byte)(v >>> 56);writeBuffer[1] = (byte)(v >>> 48);writeBuffer[2] = (byte)(v >>> 40);writeBuffer[3] = (byte)(v >>> 32);writeBuffer[4] = (byte)(v >>> 24);writeBuffer[5] = (byte)(v >>> 16);writeBuffer[6] = (byte)(v >>>8);writeBuffer[7] = (byte)(v >>>0);out.write(writeBuffer, 0, 8);incCount(8);} // 将float类型的值写入到“数据输出流”中public final void writeFloat(float v) throws IOException {writeInt(Float.floatToIntBits(v));} // 将double类型的值写入到“数据输出流”中public final void writeDouble(double v) throws IOException {writeLong(Double.doubleToLongBits(v));} // 将String类型的值写入到“数据输出流”中// 实际写入时,是将String对应的每个字符转换成byte数据后写入输出流中。public final void writeBytes(String s) throws IOException {int len = s.length();for (int i = 0 ; i < len ; i++) {out.write((byte)s.charAt(i));}incCount(len);} // 将String类型的值写入到“数据输出流”中// 实际写入时,是将String对应的每个字符转换成char数据后写入输出流中。public final void writeChars(String s) throws IOException {int len = s.length();for (int i = 0 ; i < len ; i++) {int v = s.charAt(i);out.write((v >>> 8) & 0xFF);out.write((v >>> 0) & 0xFF);}incCount(len * 2);} // 将UTF-8类型的值写入到“数据输出流”中public final void writeUTF(String str) throws IOException {writeUTF(str, this);} // 将String数据以UTF-8类型的形式写入到“输出流out”中static int writeUTF(String str, DataOutput out) throws IOException {//获取String的长度int strlen = str.length();int utflen = 0;int c, count = 0; // 由于UTF-8是1~4个字节不等;// 这里,根据UTF-8首字节的范围,判断UTF-8是几个字节的。for (int i = 0; i < strlen; i++) {c = str.charAt(i);if ((c >= 0x0001) && (c <= 0x007F)) {utflen++;} else if (c > 0x07FF) {utflen += 3;} else {utflen += 2;}} if (utflen > 65535)throw new UTFDataFormatException("encoded string too long: " + utflen + " bytes"); // 新建“字节数组bytearr”// byte[] bytearr = null;if (out instanceof DataOutputStream) {DataOutputStream dos = (DataOutputStream)out;if(dos.bytearr == null || (dos.bytearr.length < (utflen+2)))dos.bytearr = new byte[(utflen*2) + 2];bytearr = dos.bytearr;} else {bytearr = new byte[utflen+2];} // “字节数组”的前2个字节保存的是“UTF-8数据的长度”bytearr[count++] = (byte) ((utflen >>> 8) & 0xFF);bytearr[count++] = (byte) ((utflen >>> 0) & 0xFF); // 对UTF-8中的单字节数据进行预处理int i=0;for (i=0; i<strlen; i++) { c = str.charAt(i); if (!((c >= 0x0001) && (c <= 0x007F))) break; bytearr[count++] = (byte) c;} // 对预处理后的数据,接着进行处理for (;i < strlen; i++){c = str.charAt(i);// UTF-8数据是1个字节的情况if ((c >= 0x0001) && (c <= 0x007F)) {bytearr[count++] = (byte) c; } else if (c > 0x07FF) {// UTF-8数据是3个字节的情况bytearr[count++] = (byte) (0xE0 | ((c >> 12) & 0x0F));bytearr[count++] = (byte) (0x80 | ((c >>6) & 0x3F));bytearr[count++] = (byte) (0x80 | ((c >>0) & 0x3F));} else {// UTF-8数据是2个字节的情况bytearr[count++] = (byte) (0xC0 | ((c >>6) & 0x1F));bytearr[count++] = (byte) (0x80 | ((c >>0) & 0x3F));}}// 将字节数组写入到“数据输出流”中out.write(bytearr, 0, utflen+2);return utflen + 2;} public final int size() {return written;}}