Android 百分比布局1.引入:compile "com.android.support:percent:24.0.0"
2.点开源码可以看到,主要有两个布局类PercentFrameLayout和PercentRelativeLayout,一个工具类PercentLayoutHelper。

3.点开布局类比如PercentRelativeLayout的源码,可以看到实现的很简单。
public class PercentRelativeLayout extends RelativeLayout {private final PercentLayoutHelper mHelper = new PercentLayoutHelper(this);/**省略若干行构造方法之类的代码**/@Overrideprotected void onMeasure(int widthMeasureSpec, int heightMeasureSpec) {//重点在这mHelper.adjustChildren(widthMeasureSpec, heightMeasureSpec);super.onMeasure(widthMeasureSpec, heightMeasureSpec);if (mHelper.handleMeasuredStateTooSmall()) {super.onMeasure(widthMeasureSpec, heightMeasureSpec);}}@Overrideprotected void onLayout(boolean changed, int left, int top, int right, int bottom) {super.onLayout(changed, left, top, right, bottom);mHelper.restoreOriginalParams();}public static class LayoutParams extends RelativeLayout.LayoutParamsimplements PercentLayoutHelper.PercentLayoutParams {private PercentLayoutHelper.PercentLayoutInfo mPercentLayoutInfo;public LayoutParams(Context c, AttributeSet attrs) {super(c, attrs);mPercentLayoutInfo = PercentLayoutHelper.getPercentLayoutInfo(c, attrs);} /**省略若干行构造方法之类的代码**/@Overridepublic PercentLayoutHelper.PercentLayoutInfo getPercentLayoutInfo() {if (mPercentLayoutInfo == null) {mPercentLayoutInfo = new PercentLayoutHelper.PercentLayoutInfo();}return mPercentLayoutInfo;}@Overrideprotected void setBaseAttributes(TypedArray a, int widthAttr, int heightAttr) {PercentLayoutHelper.fetchWidthAndHeight(this, a, widthAttr, heightAttr);}}}
就是在onMeasure和onLayout里面调用了PercentLayoutHelper 的一些方法,另外在里面定义了自己的LayoutParams ,而这个LayoutParams 也相当简单。
这里关键的一行代码是在onMeasure方法里面,mHelper.adjustChildren(widthMeasureSpec, heightMeasureSpec);通过PercentLayoutHelper 的adjustChildren 遍历子view来设置 子view的宽高,宽高在PercentLayoutHelper 的内部类PercentLayoutInfo通过在布局文件中设置的值计算好了。
public void adjustChildren(int widthMeasureSpec, int heightMeasureSpec) {// Calculate available space, accounting for host"s paddingsint widthHint = View.MeasureSpec.getSize(widthMeasureSpec) - mHost.getPaddingLeft()- mHost.getPaddingRight();int heightHint = View.MeasureSpec.getSize(heightMeasureSpec) - mHost.getPaddingTop()- mHost.getPaddingBottom();for (int i = 0, N = mHost.getChildCount(); i < N; i++) {//遍历子view来设置 子view的宽高View view = mHost.getChildAt(i);ViewGroup.LayoutParams params = view.getLayoutParams();if (DEBUG) {Log.d(TAG, "should adjust " + view + " " + params);}if (params instanceof PercentLayoutParams) {PercentLayoutInfo info =((PercentLayoutParams) params).getPercentLayoutInfo();if (info != null) {if (params instanceof ViewGroup.MarginLayoutParams) {info.fillMarginLayoutParams(view, (ViewGroup.MarginLayoutParams) params,widthHint, heightHint);} else {info.fillLayoutParams(params, widthHint, heightHint);}}}}}
4.布局中的使用方法:以PercentRelativeLayout为例
<android.support.percent.PercentRelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"android:layout_width="match_parent"android:layout_height="match_parent"android:background="@color/background_color"><TextViewandroid:id="@+id/mian_tab_name"android:layout_width="wrap_content"android:layout_height="wrap_content"android:gravity="center"android:textColor="@color/back_green"android:textSize="15sp"android:text="name"/><ImageViewapp:layout_widthPercent="50%"app:layout_heightPercent="50%"android:src="@drawable/ic_launcher_icon"android:scaleType="fitXY"android:layout_below="@+id/mian_tab_name"android:background="@color/black"/></android.support.percent.PercentRelativeLayout>
引入xmlns:app的命名空间,然后app:layout_widthPercent="50%"就可以设置宽高的百分比了。相当简单 。
5.不过在使用的过程中,可能会有一些其他的需求,比如app:layout_widthPercent="50%",app:layout_heightPercent="50%"都是相对于屏幕的宽高的,假如要显示一张正方形的图片,以宽的50%为准呢?这个时候就可以这样写了:
<ImageViewapp:layout_widthPercent="50%"app:layout_aspectRatio="100%"android:src="@drawable/ic_launcher_icon"android:scaleType="fitXY"android:layout_below="@+id/mian_tab_name"android:background="@color/CS_black"/>
使用layout_aspectRatio属性,设置app:layout_aspectRatio="100%",layout_aspectRatio就是宽高比。这个时候就不要设置app:layout_heightPercent属性了。在PercentLayoutHelper 里面, 源代码如下:
public void fillLayoutParams(ViewGroup.LayoutParams params, int widthHint,int heightHint) {// Preserve the original layout params, so we can restore them after the measure step.mPreservedParams.width = params.width;mPreservedParams.height = params.height;// We assume that width/height set to 0 means that value was unset. This might not// necessarily be true, as the user might explicitly set it to 0. However, we use this// information only for the aspect ratio. If the user set the aspect ratio attribute,// it means they accept or soon discover that it will be disregarded.final boolean widthNotSet =(mPreservedParams.mIsWidthComputedFromAspectRatio|| mPreservedParams.width == 0) && (widthPercent < 0);final boolean heightNotSet =(mPreservedParams.mIsHeightComputedFromAspectRatio|| mPreservedParams.height == 0) && (heightPercent < 0);if (widthPercent >= 0) {params.width = (int) (widthHint * widthPercent);}if (heightPercent >= 0) {params.height = (int) (heightHint * heightPercent);}//这一段代码是关键,如果aspectRatio >=0,aspectRatio是宽高比if (aspectRatio >= 0) {if (widthNotSet) { //如果宽没有设置,就以高为准params.width = (int) (params.height * aspectRatio);// Keep track that we"ve filled the width based on the height and aspect ratio.mPreservedParams.mIsWidthComputedFromAspectRatio = true;}if (heightNotSet) {//如果高没有设置,就以宽为准params.height = (int) (params.width / aspectRatio);// Keep track that we"ve filled the height based on the width and aspect ratio.mPreservedParams.mIsHeightComputedFromAspectRatio = true;}}if (DEBUG) {Log.d(TAG, "after fillLayoutParams: (" + params.width + ", " + params.height + ")");}}
6.另外,假如我们要定义自己的PercentLinearLayout,基本可以直接改一下名字,继承自LinearLayout就好了:public class PercentLinearLayout extends LinearLayout ,在仿照PercentRelativeLayout里面的LayoutParams定义一个自己的LayoutParams就好了。
不过官方为什么没有直接提供一个PercentLinearLayout 类,而只提供了两个PercentFrameLayout和PercentRelativeLayout呢?或许是由于LinearLayout 本身就有权重属性,自带百分比效果了。
感谢阅读,希望能帮助到大家,谢谢大家对本站的支持!