Socket是TCP/IP协议上的一种通信,在通信的两端各建立一个Socket,从而在通信的两端之间形成网络虚拟链路。一旦建立了虚拟的网络链路,两端的程序就可以通过虚拟链路进行通信。
Client A 发信息给 Client B , A的信息首先发送信息到服务器Server ,Server接受到信息后再把A的信息广播发送给所有的Clients
首先我们要在服务器建立一个ServerSocket ,ServerSocket对象用于监听来自客户端的Socket连接,如果没有连接,它将一直处于等待状态。
Socket accept():如果接收到一个客户端Socket的连接请求,该方法将返回一个与客户端Socket对应的Socket
Server示例:
//创建一个ServerSocket,用于监听客户端Socket的连接请求ServerSocket ss = new ServerSocket(30000);//采用循环不断接受来自客户端的请求while (true){//每当接受到客户端Socket的请求,服务器端也对应产生一个SocketSocket s = ss.accept();//下面就可以使用Socket进行通信了...}
客户端通常可使用Socket的构造器来连接到指定服务器
Client示例:
//创建连接到服务器、30000端口的SocketSocket s = new Socket("192.168.2.214" , 30000);//下面就可以使用Socket进行通信了...
这样Server和Client就可以进行一个简单的通信了
当然,我们要做的是多客户,所以每当客户端Socket连接到该ServerSocket之后,程序将对应Socket加入clients集合中保存,并为该Socket启动一条线程,该线程负责处理该Socket所有的通信任务
//定义保存所有Socket的ArrayListpublic static ArrayList<Socket> clients = new ArrayList<Socket>();
当服务器线程读到客户端数据之后,程序遍历clients集合,并将该数据向clients集合中的每个Socket发送一次。这样就可以实现一个聊天室的功能了
下面来看看整个功能的demo
先建立一个Java工程,把Server.java运行起来,然后再运行手机模拟器

服务器打印信息:

程序文件结构:

1.先看看主Activity : SocketmsgActivity.java
public class SocketmsgActivity extends Activity {/** Called when the activity is first created. */private SQLiteDatabase db;Thread thread = null;Socket s = null;private InetSocketAddress isa = null; DataInputStream dis = null;DataOutputStream dos = null;private String reMsg=null;private Boolean isContect = false;private EditText chattxt;private EditText chatbox;private Button chatok;private String chatKey="SLEEKNETGEOCK4stsjeS";private String name=null,ip=null,port=null;@Overridepublic void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);setContentView(R.layout.main);chattxt = (EditText)findViewById(R.id.chattxt);chatbox = (EditText)findViewById(R.id.chatbox);chatok = (Button)findViewById(R.id.chatOk);chatbox.setCursorVisible(false);chatbox.setFocusable(false);chatbox.setFocusableInTouchMode(false);chatbox.setGravity(2);//初始化,创建数据库来储存用户信息InitDatabase();db = SQLiteDatabase.openOrCreateDatabase(config.f, null);try {Cursor cursor = db.query("config", new String[]{"ip","name","port"},null,null, null, null, null);while(cursor.moveToNext()){name = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex("name"));ip = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex("ip"));port = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex("port"));}cursor.close();} catch (Exception e) {// TODO: handle exceptionSystem.out.println(e.toString());}db.close();//设置连接if(ip==null || port==null){Intent intent = new Intent(SocketmsgActivity.this,IniActivity.class);startActivity(intent);SocketmsgActivity.this.finish();}//设置名称else if(name==null){Intent intent = new Intent(SocketmsgActivity.this,IniuserActivity.class);startActivity(intent);SocketmsgActivity.this.finish();}else{connect();chatok.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {@Overridepublic void onClick(View v) {String str = chattxt.getText().toString().trim();System.out.println(s);try {dos.writeUTF(chatKey+"name:"+name+"end;"+str);chattxt.setText("");}catch (SocketTimeoutException e) { System.out.println("連接超時,服務器未開啟或IP錯誤"); Toast.makeText(SocketmsgActivity.this, "連接超時,服務器未開啟或IP錯誤", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); Intent intent = new Intent(SocketmsgActivity.this,IniActivity.class);startActivity(intent);SocketmsgActivity.this.finish(); e.printStackTrace(); } catch (IOException e) {// TODO Auto-generated catch block System.out.println("連接超時,服務器未開啟或IP錯誤"); Toast.makeText(SocketmsgActivity.this, "連接超時,服務器未開啟或IP錯誤", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); Intent intent = new Intent(SocketmsgActivity.this,IniActivity.class);startActivity(intent);SocketmsgActivity.this.finish(); e.printStackTrace();}}});}}private Runnable doThread = new Runnable() {public void run() {System.out.println("running!");ReceiveMsg();}};public void connect() {try {s = new Socket();isa = new InetSocketAddress(ip,Integer.parseInt(port)); s.connect(isa,5000); if(s.isConnected()){dos = new DataOutputStream (s.getOutputStream());dis = new DataInputStream (s.getInputStream());dos.writeUTF(chatKey+"online:"+name);/** * 这里是关键,我在此耗时8h+ * 原因是 子线程不能直接更新UI * 为此,我们需要通过Handler物件,通知主线程Ui Thread来更新界面。 * */thread = new Thread(null, doThread, "Message"); thread.start(); System.out.println("connect"); isContect=true;} }catch (UnknownHostException e) { System.out.println("連接失敗");Toast.makeText(SocketmsgActivity.this, "連接失敗", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();Intent intent = new Intent(SocketmsgActivity.this,IniActivity.class);startActivity(intent);SocketmsgActivity.this.finish(); e.printStackTrace(); }catch (SocketTimeoutException e) { System.out.println("連接超時,服務器未開啟或IP錯誤"); Toast.makeText(SocketmsgActivity.this, "連接超時,服務器未開啟或IP錯誤", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();Intent intent = new Intent(SocketmsgActivity.this,IniActivity.class);startActivity(intent);SocketmsgActivity.this.finish(); e.printStackTrace(); }catch (IOException e) { System.out.println("連接失敗"); e.printStackTrace(); }}public void disConnect() {if(dos!=null){try {dos.writeUTF(chatKey+"offline:"+name);} catch (IOException e1) {// TODO Auto-generated catch blocke1.printStackTrace();}try {s.close();} catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace();}}} /** * 线程监视Server信息*/private void ReceiveMsg() {if (isContect) {try {while ((reMsg = dis.readUTF()) != null) {System.out.println(reMsg);if (reMsg != null) {try {Message msgMessage = new Message();msgMessage.what = 0x1981;handler.sendMessage(msgMessage);Thread.sleep(100);} catch (InterruptedException e) {// TODO Auto-generated catch blocke.printStackTrace();}}}} catch (SocketException e) {// TODO: handle exceptionSystem.out.println("exit!");} catch (IOException e) {// TODO Auto-generated catch blocke.printStackTrace();}}} /** * 通过handler更新UI*/Handler handler = new Handler() {public void handleMessage(Message msg) {switch (msg.what) {case 0x1981:chatbox.setText(chatbox.getText() + reMsg + "
");chatbox.setSelection(chatbox.length());break;}}};@Overrideprotected void onDestroy() {// TODO Auto-generated method stubsuper.onDestroy();disConnect();//System.exit(0);}@Overridepublic boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) {// TODO Auto-generated method stubmenu.add(0, 1, 1, "初始化設置");menu.add(0, 2, 2, "退出");return super.onCreateOptionsMenu(menu);}@Overridepublic boolean onOptionsItemSelected(MenuItem item) {// TODO Auto-generated method stubif(item.getItemId()==1){Intent intent = new Intent(SocketmsgActivity.this,IniActivity.class);startActivity(intent);SocketmsgActivity.this.finish();}else if(item.getItemId()==2){disConnect();SocketmsgActivity.this.finish(); android.os.Process.killProcess(android.os.Process.myPid());System.exit(0);}return super.onOptionsItemSelected(item);}public void InitDatabase(){ if(!config.path.exists()){ config.path.mkdirs();Log.i("LogDemo", "mkdir"); }if(!config.f.exists()){ try{config.f.createNewFile(); Log.i("LogDemo", "create a new database file");}catch(IOException e){Log.i("LogDemo",e.toString());}} try {if(tabIsExist("config")==false){db = SQLiteDatabase.openOrCreateDatabase(config.f, null); db.execSQL("create table config(_id integer primary key autoincrement," +"ip varchar(128),port varchar(10),name varchar(32))");Log.i("LogDemo", "create a database");db.close();}} catch (Exception e) {// TODO: handle exceptionLog.i("LogDemo",e.toString());}}/** * check the database is already exist * @param tabName * @return*/public boolean tabIsExist(String tabName){boolean result = false;if(tabName == null){return false;}Cursor cursor = null;db = SQLiteDatabase.openOrCreateDatabase(config.f, null); try {String sql = "select count(*) as c from sqlite_master where type ="table" " +"and name =""+tabName.trim()+"" ";cursor = db.rawQuery(sql, null);if(cursor.moveToNext()){int count = cursor.getInt(0);if(count>0){result = true;}}} catch (Exception e) {// TODO: handle exception} cursor.close();db.close();return result;}}
2.初始化IP和端口Activity, IniActivity.java
public class IniActivity extends Activity{private EditText ip,port;private Button nextButton;private String getip,getport;private ProgressDialog progressDialog;private InetSocketAddress isa = null; private SQLiteDatabase db;private String ipstring=null,portString=null;private int row=0;@Overrideprotected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {// TODO Auto-generated method stubsuper.onCreate(savedInstanceState);setContentView(R.layout.config);ip = (EditText)findViewById(R.id.ip);port = (EditText)findViewById(R.id.port);nextButton = (Button)findViewById(R.id.next);db = SQLiteDatabase.openOrCreateDatabase(config.f, null);try {Cursor cursor = db.query("config", new String[]{"ip","port"},null,null, null, null, null);while(cursor.moveToNext()){ipstring = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex("ip"));portString = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex("port"));row++;}ip.setText(ipstring);port.setText(portString);cursor.close();} catch (Exception e) {// TODO: handle exceptionSystem.out.println(e.toString());}db.close();nextButton.setOnClickListener(new nextButtonListenner());}class nextButtonListenner implements OnClickListener{@Overridepublic void onClick(View v) {// TODO Auto-generated method stubgetip = ip.getText().toString().trim();getport = port.getText().toString().trim();if(getip=="" || getip==null || getip.equals("")){Toast.makeText(IniActivity.this, "請輸入IP", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();ip.setFocusable(true);}else if(getport=="" || getport==null || getport.equals("")){Toast.makeText(IniActivity.this, "請輸入端口", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();port.setFocusable(true);}else{//progressDialog = ProgressDialog.show(IniActivity.this, "", "請稍後...", true, false);//new Thread() {//@Override//public void run() {try {Socket s = new Socket();isa = new InetSocketAddress(getip,Integer.parseInt(getport)); s.connect(isa,5000); //showDialog("連接成功",IniActivity.this);try {//生成ContentValues对象ContentValues values = new ContentValues();//想该对象当中插入键值对,其中键是列名,值是希望插入到这一列的值,值必须和数据库当中的数据类型一致values.put("ip", getip);values.put("port",getport);db = SQLiteDatabase.openOrCreateDatabase(config.f, null); if(row==0){db.insert("config", null, values);}else{db.update("config", values ,null,null);}Toast.makeText(IniActivity.this, "連接成功", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT);s.close();Intent intent = new Intent(IniActivity.this,IniuserActivity.class);startActivity(intent);IniActivity.this.finish();db.close();} catch (Exception e) {// TODO: handle exceptionshowDialog("設置失敗,數據庫不可用",IniActivity.this);}} catch (UnknownHostException e) {// TODO Auto-generated catch blocke.printStackTrace();showDialog("連接失敗,IP或者端口不可用",IniActivity.this);}catch (SocketTimeoutException e) { System.out.println("連接超時,服務器未開啟或IP錯誤"); showDialog("連接超時,服務器未開啟或IP錯誤",IniActivity.this); e.printStackTrace();}catch (IOException e) {// TODO Auto-generated catch blocke.printStackTrace();showDialog("連接失敗,IP或者端口不可用",IniActivity.this);}//progressDialog.dismiss();//finish();//}//}.start();}}}/** * define a dialog for show the message * @param mess * @param activity*/public void showDialog(String mess,Activity activity){ new AlertDialog.Builder(activity).setTitle("信息").setMessage(mess).setNegativeButton("確定",new DialogInterface.OnClickListener(){ public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {}}).show();}}
3.初始化用户名称Activity, IniuserActivity.java
public class IniuserActivity extends Activity{private EditText name;private Button ok;private SQLiteDatabase db;private String nameString;@Overrideprotected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {// TODO Auto-generated method stubsuper.onCreate(savedInstanceState);setContentView(R.layout.configuser);name = (EditText)findViewById(R.id.name);ok = (Button)findViewById(R.id.ok);ok.setOnClickListener(new okButtonListenner());db = SQLiteDatabase.openOrCreateDatabase(config.f, null);try {Cursor cursor = db.query("config", new String[]{"name"},null,null, null, null, null);while(cursor.moveToNext()){nameString = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex("name"));}name.setText(nameString);cursor.close();} catch (Exception e) {// TODO: handle exceptionSystem.out.println(e.toString());}db.close();}class okButtonListenner implements OnClickListener{@Overridepublic void onClick(View v) {// TODO Auto-generated method stubString getname = name.getText().toString().trim();if(getname==""){Toast.makeText(IniuserActivity.this, "請輸入您的稱呢", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();name.setFocusable(true);}else{try {//生成ContentValues对象ContentValues values = new ContentValues();//想该对象当中插入键值对,其中键是列名,值是希望插入到这一列的值,值必须和数据库当中的数据类型一致values.put("name", getname);db = SQLiteDatabase.openOrCreateDatabase(config.f, null); db.update("config",values,null,null);Toast.makeText(IniuserActivity.this, "設置完成", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();Intent intent = new Intent(IniuserActivity.this,SocketmsgActivity.class);startActivity(intent);IniuserActivity.this.finish();db.close();} catch (Exception e) {// TODO: handle exceptionshowDialog("設置失敗,數據庫不可用",IniuserActivity.this);}}}}/** * define a dialog for show the message * @param mess * @param activity*/public void showDialog(String mess,Activity activity){ new AlertDialog.Builder(activity).setTitle("信息").setMessage(mess).setNegativeButton("確定",new DialogInterface.OnClickListener(){ public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {}}).show();}}
4.config.java
public class config{public static String SDCARD = android.os.Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory().getAbsolutePath();public static File path = new File(SDCARD+"/RunChatDatabase/"); //数据库文件目录public static File f = new File(SDCARD+"/RunChatDatabase/config.db"); //数据库文件 }
布局文件:
1.main.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"android:orientation="vertical" android:layout_width="fill_parent"android:layout_height="fill_parent"><EditText android:id="@+id/chatbox" android:layout_width="fill_parent"android:layout_height="fill_parent" android:layout_weight="1"></EditText><EditText android:id="@+id/chattxt" android:layout_width="fill_parent"android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:gravity="top"android:hint="你想和对方说点什么?"></EditText><Button android:id="@+id/chatOk" android:layout_width="fill_parent"android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="Send" android:textSize="@dimen/btn1"></Button></LinearLayout>
2.config.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><LinearLayoutxmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" android:orientation="vertical" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent"><TextView android:layout_width="fill_parent"android:layout_height="wrap_content"android:text="初始化設置"android:textSize="@dimen/h2"/><TextView android:layout_width="fill_parent"android:layout_height="wrap_content"android:text="服務器IP"android:textSize="@dimen/h3"/><EditText android:layout_width="fill_parent"android:layout_height="wrap_content"android:hint="192.168.2.214"android:id="@+id/ip"android:textSize="@dimen/et1"/><TextView android:layout_width="fill_parent"android:layout_height="wrap_content"android:text="端口"android:textSize="@dimen/h3"/><EditText android:layout_width="fill_parent"android:layout_height="wrap_content"android:hint="8888"android:id="@+id/port"android:textSize="@dimen/et1"/><Button android:layout_width="fill_parent"android:layout_height="wrap_content"android:text="下一步"android:id="@+id/next"android:textSize="@dimen/btn1"/></LinearLayout>
3.configuer.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><LinearLayoutxmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" android:orientation="vertical" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent"><TextView android:layout_width="fill_parent"android:layout_height="wrap_content"android:text="初始化設置"android:textSize="@dimen/h2"/><TextView android:layout_width="fill_parent"android:layout_height="wrap_content"android:text="您的稱呢"android:textSize="@dimen/h3"/><EditText android:layout_width="fill_parent"android:layout_height="wrap_content"android:hint="潤仔"android:id="@+id/name"android:maxLength="20"android:textSize="@dimen/et1"/><Button android:layout_width="fill_parent"android:layout_height="wrap_content"android:text="完成"android:id="@+id/ok"android:textSize="@dimen/btn1"/></LinearLayout>style文件:dimens.xml<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><resources> <dimen name="h3">30dip</dimen> <dimen name="h2">40dip</dimen> <dimen name="btn1">30dip</dimen><dimen name="et1">25dip</dimen></resources>
最后是服务器文件:Server.java
import java.io.*;import java.net.*;import java.text.DateFormat;import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;import java.util.*;import javax.sound.sampled.Port;import javax.swing.JOptionPane;public class Server {ServerSocket ss = null;private String getnameString=null;boolean started = false;List<Client> clients = new ArrayList<Client>();List<Info> infos = new ArrayList<Info>();public static void main(String[] args) {String inputport = JOptionPane.showInputDialog("請輸入該服務器使用的端口:");int port = Integer.parseInt(inputport);new Server().start(port);} public void start(int port) {try {ss = new ServerSocket(port);System.out.println("服務器啟動");started = true;} catch (BindException e) { System.out.println(" 端口已经被占用"); System.exit(0);} catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } try { while (started) { Socket s = ss.accept(); Client c = new Client (s); System.out.println("a client is connected"); new Thread(c).start(); clients.add(c); } } catch (IOException e) {e.printStackTrace(); } finally {try {ss.close();} catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace();} }}public List<Client> getClient(){return clients;} class Client implements Runnable { private String chatKey="SLEEKNETGEOCK4stsjeS"; private Socket s = null; private DataInputStream dis = null; private DataOutputStream dos = null; private boolean bConnected = false; private String sendmsg=null; Client (Socket s) {this.s = s;try { dis = new DataInputStream (s.getInputStream()); dos = new DataOutputStream (s.getOutputStream()); bConnected = true;} catch(IOException e) { e.printStackTrace();} }public void send (String str) {try { //System.out.println(s); dos.writeUTF(str+""); dos.flush(); } catch(IOException e) { clients.remove(this); System.out.println("对方已经退出了"); } } public void run() { try {while (bConnected) {String str = dis.readUTF();DateFormat df = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd hh:mm:ss");String date = " ["+df.format(new Date())+"]";if(str.startsWith(chatKey+"online:")){Info info = new Info();getnameString = str.substring(27);info.setName(getnameString);infos.add(info);for (int i=0; i<clients.size(); i++) { Client c = clients.get(i); c.send(getnameString+" on line."+date);}System.out.println(getnameString+" on line."+date);}else if(str.startsWith(chatKey+"offline:")){getnameString = str.substring(28);clients.remove(this);for (int i=0; i<clients.size(); i++) { Client c = clients.get(i); c.send(getnameString+" off line."+date);}System.out.println(getnameString+" off line."+date);}else{int charend = str.indexOf("end;");String chatString = str.substring(charend+4);String chatName = str.substring(25, charend);sendmsg=chatName+date+"
"+chatString; for (int i=0; i<clients.size(); i++) {Client c = clients.get(i);c.send(sendmsg); }System.out.println(sendmsg);} } } catch (SocketException e) { System.out.println("client is closed!"); clients.remove(this); } catch (EOFException e) {System.out.println("client is closed!");clients.remove(this);}catch (IOException e) {e.printStackTrace();}finally { try {if (dis != null) dis.close();if (dos != null) dos.close();if (s != null) s.close(); } catch (IOException e) {e.printStackTrace();}} } }class Info{ private String info_name = null; public Info(){} public void setName(String name){ info_name = name; } public String getName(){ return info_name; } }}
以上只是一个粗略的聊天室功能,如果要实现私聊,还需要保存该Socket关联的客户信息。一个客户端可以将信息发送另一个指定客户端。实际上,我们知道所有客户端只与服务器连接,客户端之间并没有互相连接。这个功能等我以后有时间再写个demo.....
以上就是本文的全部内容,希望对大家的学习有所帮助,也希望大家多多支持脚本之家。