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Java小例子:通过Socket发送和接收文件2011-04-05这是一个简单的包含发送端和接收端的例子。发送端向接收端发送文件名和文件内容 ,接收端将收到的文件保存在磁盘上。接收端可以同时接收多个发送端传来的文件,但没 有处理文件同名的情况。

这个例子中设计了一个简单的协议。发送的内容是这样的:

文件名长度(4字节)—文件名—文件内容长度(4字节)—文件内容 。

接收端也按照这个结构进行解析。建议先看 Client 类,再看 Server 类。

01.import java.io.*;02.import java.net.ServerSocket;03.import java.net.Socket;04.05./**06. * 简单的文件发送与接收示例07. */08.public class FileTrasmission {09.10.//程序入口11.public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {12.int port = 7788;13.new Server(port, "c:\save\").start();14.new Client().sendFile("127.0.0.1", port, "c:\迷失在康熙末年.txt");15.}16.}17.18./**19. * 接收端。可同时接收多个发送端发来的文件。但如果发来的文件是同名的话那就乱了。20. */21.class Server {22.23.private int listenPort;24.25.private String savePath;26.27./**28. * 构造方法29. *30. * @param listenPort 侦听端口31. * @param savePath 接收的文件要保存的路径32. *33. * @throws IOException 如果创建保存路径失败34. */35.Server(int listenPort, String savePath) throws IOException {36.this.listenPort = listenPort;37.this.savePath = savePath;38.39.File file = new File(savePath);40.if (!file.exists() && !file.mkdirs()) {41.throw new IOException("无法创建文件夹 " + savePath);42.}43.}44.45.// 开始侦听46.public void start() {47.new ListenThread().start();48.}49.50.// 网上抄来的,将字节转成 int。b 长度不得小于 4,且只会取前 4 位。51.public static int b2i(byte[] b) {52.int value = 0;53.for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {54.int shift = (4 - 1 - i) * 8;55.value += (b[i] & 0x000000FF) << shift;56.}57.return value;58.}59.60.61./**62. * 侦听线程63. */64.private class ListenThread extends Thread {65.66.@Override67.public void run() {68.try {69.ServerSocket server = new ServerSocket(listenPort);70.71.// 开始循环72.while (true) {73.Socket socket = server.accept();74.new HandleThread(socket).start();75.}76.} catch (IOException e) {77.e.printStackTrace();78.}79.}80.}81.82./**83. * 读取流并保存文件的线程84. */85.private class HandleThread extends Thread {86.87.private Socket socket;88.89.private HandleThread(Socket socket) {90.this.socket = socket;91.}92.93.@Override94.public void run() {95.try {96.InputStream is = socket.getInputStream();97.readAndSave(is);98.} catch (IOException e) {99.e.printStackTrace();100.} finally {101.try {102.socket.close();103.} catch (IOException e) {104.// nothing to do105.}106.}107.}108.109.// 从流中读取内容并保存110.private void readAndSave(InputStream is) throws IOException {111.String filename = getFileName(is);112.int file_len = readInteger(is);113.System.out.println("接收文件:" + filename + ",长度:" + file_len);114.115.readAndSave0(is, savePath + filename, file_len);116.117.System.out.println("文件保存成功(" + file_len + "字节)。");118.}119.120.private void readAndSave0(InputStream is, String path, int file_len) throws IOException {121.FileOutputStream os = getFileOS(path);122.readAndWrite(is, os, file_len);123.os.close();124.}125.126.// 边读边写,直到读取 size 个字节127.private void readAndWrite(InputStream is, FileOutputStream os, int size) throws IOException {128.byte[] buffer = new byte[4096];129.int count = 0;130.while (count < size) {131.int n = is.read(buffer);132.// 这里没有考虑 n = -1 的情况133.os.write(buffer, 0, n);134.count += n;135.}136.}137.138.// 读取文件名139.private String getFileName(InputStream is) throws IOException {140.int name_len = readInteger(is);141.byte[] result = new byte[name_len];142.is.read(result);143.return new String(result);144.}145.146.// 读取一个数字147.private int readInteger(InputStream is) throws IOException {148.byte[] bytes = new byte[4];149.is.read(bytes);150.return b2i(bytes);151.}152.153.// 创建文件并返回输出流154.private FileOutputStream getFileOS(String path) throws IOException {155.File file = new File(path);156.if (!file.exists()) {157.file.createNewFile();158.}159.160.return new FileOutputStream(file);161.}162.}163.}164.165./**166. * 发送端167. */168.class Client {169.170.// 网上抄来的,将 int 转成字节171.public static byte[] i2b(int i) {172.return new byte[]{173.(byte) ((i >> 24) & 0xFF),174.(byte) ((i >> 16) & 0xFF),175.(byte) ((i >> 8) & 0xFF),176.(byte) (i & 0xFF)177.};178.}179.180./**181. * 发送文件。文件大小不能大于 {@link Integer#MAX_VALUE}182. *183. * @param hostname 接收端主机名或 IP 地址184. * @param port 接收端端口号185. * @param filepath 文件路径186. *187. * @throws IOException 如果读取文件或发送失败188. */189.public void sendFile(String hostname, int port, String filepath) throws IOException {190.File file = new File(filepath);191.FileInputStream is = new FileInputStream(filepath);192.193.Socket socket = new Socket(hostname, port);194.OutputStream os = socket.getOutputStream();195.196.try {197.int length = (int) file.length();198.System.out.println("发送文件:" + file.getName() + ",长度:" + length);199.200.// 发送文件名和文件内容201.writeFileName(file, os);202.writeFileContent(is, os, length);203.} finally {204.os.close();205.is.close();206.}207.}208.209.// 输出文件内容210.private void writeFileContent(InputStream is, OutputStream os, int length) throws IOException {211.// 输出文件长度212.os.write(i2b(length));213.214.// 输出文件内容215.byte[] buffer = new byte[4096];216.int size;217.while ((size = is.read(buffer)) != -1) {218.os.write(buffer, 0, size);219.}220.}221.222.// 输出文件名223.private void writeFileName(File file, OutputStream os) throws IOException {224.byte[] fn_bytes = file.getName().getBytes();225.226.os.write(i2b(fn_bytes.length)); // 输出文件名长度227.os.write(fn_bytes);// 输出文件名228.}229.}