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首页 / 脚本样式 / JavaScript / 学习JavaScript设计模式之迭代器模式

  • 迭代器模式是指提供一种方法顺序访问一个聚合对象中的各个元素,而又不需要暴露该对象的内部表示。
JavaScript中的Array.prototype.forEach
一、jQuery中的迭代器
$.each([1, 2, 3], function(i, n) {console.log("当前下标为:"+ i + " 当前元素为:"+ n );});
二、实现自己的迭代器
var each = function(ary, callback) {for(var i = 0, l = ary.length; i < l; i++) {callback.call(ary[i], i, ary[i]);}};each([1, 2, 3], function(i, n) {console.log("当前下标为:"+ i + " 当前元素为:"+ n );});
注意:区别于Array.prototype.forEach的参数!!!
[1, 2, 3].forEach(function(n, i, curAry){console.log("当前下标为:"+ i + " 当前元素为:"+ n + " 当前数组为:" + curAry);})
三、内部迭代器、外部迭代器
(1)内部迭代器:已经定义好了迭代规则,它完全接手整个迭代过程,外部只需一次初始调用。上述自定义each即为内部迭代器!
(2)外部迭代器:必须显示地请求迭代下一个元素。
示例:判断两个数组是否相等
示例一:内部迭代器
// 内部迭代器var each = function(ary, callback) {for(var i = 0, l = ary.length; i < l; i++) {callback.call(ary[i], i, ary[i]);}};// 比较函数var compareAry = function(ary1, ary2) {if(ary1.length != ary2.length) {throw new Error("不相等"); // return console.log("不相等"); }// 且住each(ary1, function(i, n) {if(n !== ary2[i]) {// return console.log("不相等"); // return 只能返回到each方法外,后续console.log("相等")会继续执行,所以这里得使用throwthrow new Error("不相等");}});console.log("相等");}compareAry([1, 2, 3], [1, 2, 4]);
示例二:外部迭代器
// 外部迭代器var Iterator = function(obj) {var current = 0,next = function() {current++;},isDone = function() {return current >= obj.length;},getCurrentItem = function() {return obj[current];};return {next: next,isDone: isDone,getCurrentItem: getCurrentItem};};// 比较函数var compareAry = function(iterator1, iterator2) {while( !iterator1.isDone() && !iterator2.isDone() ){if(iterator1.getCurrentItem() !== iterator2.getCurrentItem()) {throw new Error("不相等");}iterator1.next();iterator2.next();}console.log("相等");}compareAry(new Iterator([1, 2, 3]), new Iterator([1, 2, 4]));
四、终止迭代器
var each = function(ary, callback) {for(var i = 0, l = ary.length; i < l; i++) {if(callback.call(ary[i], i, ary[i]) === false) {break;}}}each([1, 2, 4, 1], function(i, n) {if(n > 3) {return false;}console.log(n);});
五、应用(落地)
文件上传,根据不同的浏览器获取相应的上传组件对象。
对比《JavaScript设计模式–责任链模式》

var iteratorUploadObj = function() {for(var i = 0, fn; fn = arguments[i]; i++) {var uploadObj = fn();if(uploadObj !== false) {return uploadObj;}}};var uploadObj = iteratorUploadObj(getActiveUploadObj, getFlashUploadObj, getFormUploadObj);function getActiveUploadObj() {try{return new ActiveObject("TXFTNActiveX.FTNUpload"); // IE上传控件}catch(e) {return false;}}function getFlashUploadObj() {if(supportFlash().f === 1) {var str = "<object type="application/x-shockwave-flash"></object>";return $(str).appendTo($("body"));}return false;}function getFormUploadObj() {var str = "<input name="file" type="file" class="ui-file" />";return $(str).appendTo($("body"));}// 是否支持flashfunction supportFlash() {var hasFlash = 0; //是否安装了flashvar flashVersion = 0; //flash版本if (document.all) {var swf = new ActiveXObject("ShockwaveFlash.ShockwaveFlash");if (swf) {hasFlash = 1;VSwf = swf.GetVariable("$version");flashVersion = parseInt(VSwf.split(" ")[1].split(",")[0]);}} else {if (navigator.plugins && navigator.plugins.length > 0) {var swf = navigator.plugins["Shockwave Flash"];if (swf) {hasFlash = 1;var words = swf.description.split(" ");for (var i = 0; i < words.length; ++i) {if (isNaN(parseInt(words[i]))) continue;flashVersion = parseInt(words[i]);}}}}return { f: hasFlash, v: flashVersion };}
希望本文所述对大家学习javascript程序设计有所帮助。