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首页 / 脚本样式 / JavaScript / 使用ajaxfileupload.js实现ajax上传文件php版

 无论是PHP,还是其他的服务端脚本都提供了文件上传功能,实现起来也比较简单。而利用JavaScript来配合,即可实现Ajax方式的文件上传。虽然jQuery本身没有提供这样的简化函数,但有不少插件可以实现。其中,Phpletter.com提供的ajaxfileupload.js是一个轻量的插件,而且编写方式与jQuery提供的全局方法$.post()非常相似,简单易用。
不过,该插件实在太简化了,除了可提供需上传文件的路径外,也就不能传递额外的值到后台服务端。所以,我修改了一下该脚本,增加个一个data对象参数。
一、原理
我这里使用的是PHP作为服务端脚本,几乎在每本较少PHP的书上都会提到如何使用move_uploaded_file()方法来上传文件,这里我就不再细说了。我想说的是,利用Ajax上传的原理。
因为一直在使用jQuery库,所以当想到Ajax时,第一反应就是试试$.post()方法,利用各选择器得到file文件框中的value值,然后提交到后台服务端。当然,后来证明这是不行的。(正因为这问题,我还查了不少资料,网上还提供了不少ASP等方式的脚本,真不知道该说什么好。。)
回到正题,要实现Ajax方式上传,其实并不难,方法也有不少。而本文提到的Phpletter.com的ajaxfileupload.js插件就是使用iframe的方式。这也是在不使用JavaScript脚本时,要实现不刷新页面上传时常见的方法。(本博客bo-blog后台撰写日志就是用该方法)
而ajaxfileupload.js插件也很简单,就是先利用jQuery的选择器获得file文件上传框中的文件路径值,然后动态的创建一个iframe,并在里面建立一个新的file 文件框,提供post方式提交到后台。最后,返回结果到前台。
二、使用
ajaxfileupload.js插件的使用很简单。
前台HTML代码类似:
<script type="text/javascript">$(#buttonUplod).click(function () { $.ajaxFileUpload ({url:"doajaxfileupload.php", //你处理上传文件的服务端secureuri:false, //与页面处理代码中file相对应的ID值fileElementId:"img",dataType: "json", //返回数据类型:text,xml,json,html,scritp,jsonp五种success: function (data) { alert(data.file_infor);} })});</script><input id="img" type="file" size="45" name="img" ><button id="buttonUpload" onclick="return ajaxFileUpload();">Upload</button> 
后台doajaxfileupload.php脚本:
<?php $upFilePath = "../attachment/";$ok=@move_uploaded_file($_FILES["img"]["tmp_name"],$upFilePath); if($ok === FALSE){echo json_encode("file_infor"=>"上传失败"); }else{echo json_encode("file_infor"=>"上传成功"); }?> 

为了测试,可以使用类似下面的方式保存传递过来的变量值:
$file_info = var_export($_FILES,true);
$ok = file_put_contents("../attachment/file_info.txt",$file_info);
if ($ok) exit(json_encode("file_infor"=>"上传成功"));
exit (json_encode("file_infor"=>"上传失败"));

※ 注意
请留意HTML代码文件框中的标记:
1. id="img"是用于给ajaxfileupload.js插件的fileElementId:"img"识别的,jQuery选择器会利用该字符串获得文本框的值;
2. name="img"是用于通过post方式提交到后台脚本时,PHP通过$_FILES["img"]读取上传文件的数据,若没有该值,$_FILES变量为空;
所以,这两个值缺一不可,也不可混淆。
三、支持额外参数
有时候,我们需要在后台根据某些变量来觉得对上传文件的处理。例如,更新文件。这时,就需要往同台再传递一些额外的参数。所以,我修改了ajaxfileupload.js插件:
addOtherRequestsToForm: function(form,data){ // add extra parameter var originalElement = $("<input type="hidden" name="" value="">"); for (var key in data) {name = key;value = data[key];var cloneElement = originalElement.clone();cloneElement.attr({"name":name,"value":value});$(cloneElement).appendTo(form); } return form;}, ajaxFileUpload: function(s) { // TODO introduce global settings, allowing the client to modify them for all requests, not only timeout s = jQuery.extend({}, jQuery.ajaxSettings, s); var id = new Date().getTime() var form = jQuery.createUploadForm(id, s.fileElementId); if ( s.data ) form = jQuery.addOtherRequestsToForm(form,s.data); var io = jQuery.createUploadIframe(id, s.secureuri); 
红色标记部分是我添加的内容。这样,我就可以在前台HTML部分,通过类似下面的代码来传递额外的参数:
url:"doajaxfileupload.php", //你处理上传文件的服务端
secureuri:false, //与页面处理代码中file相对应的ID值
data:{"test":"test","ok":"ok"}, //以对象的方式传递,内容部分可输入JavaScript的变量值
fileElementId:"img",
后台处理脚本为:
array_push($_FILES,$_REQUEST);$file_info = var_export($_FILES,true);$ok = file_put_contents("../attachment/file_info.txt",$file_info);if ($ok) exit(json_encode("file_infor"=>"上传成功"));exit (json_encode("file_infor"=>"上传失败")); 
可见,原理很简单,就是把额外的data对象内容一同加到iframe下的form中,传递到后台PHP脚本,以$_REQUEST等变量获得这些值。
后台输出保留的file_info.txt内容如下:
array (
  "file" =>
  array (
    "name" => "firefox-java.txt",
    "type" => "text/plain",
    "tmp_name" => "D:\Tools\xampp\tmp\phpED45.tmp",
    "error" => 0,
    "size" => 250,
  ),
  0 =>
  array (
    "test" => "test",
    "ok" => "ok",
    "PHPSESSID" => "e379fd4fb2abca6e802a1302805a5535",
  ),

ajaxfileupload.js:
jQuery.extend({createUploadIframe: function(id, uri) {//create framevar frameId = "jUploadFrame" + id;if(window.ActiveXObject) {var io = document.createElement("<iframe id="" + frameId + "" name="" + frameId + "" />");if(typeof uri== "boolean"){io.src = "javascript:false";}else if(typeof uri== "string"){io.src = uri;}}else {var io = document.createElement("iframe");io.id = frameId;io.name = frameId;}io.style.position = "absolute";io.style.top = "-1000px";io.style.left = "-1000px"; document.body.appendChild(io); return io},createUploadForm: function(id, fileElementId) { //create formvar formId = "jUploadForm" + id; var fileId = "jUploadFile" + id; var form = $("<form action="" method="POST" name="" + formId + "" id="" + formId + "" enctype="multipart/form-data"></form>");var oldElement = $("#" + fileElementId); var newElement = $(oldElement).clone(); $(oldElement).attr("id", fileId); $(oldElement).before(newElement); $(oldElement).appendTo(form); //set attributes $(form).css("position", "absolute"); $(form).css("top", "-1200px"); $(form).css("left", "-1200px"); $(form).appendTo("body");return form;}, addOtherRequestsToForm: function(form,data) { // add extra parameter var originalElement = $("<input type="hidden" name="" value="">"); for (var key in data) {name = key;value = data[key];var cloneElement = originalElement.clone();cloneElement.attr({"name":name,"value":value});$(cloneElement).appendTo(form); } return form; }, ajaxFileUpload: function(s) {// TODO introduce global settings, allowing the client to modify them for all requests, not only timeout s = jQuery.extend({}, jQuery.ajaxSettings, s);var id = new Date().getTime() var form = jQuery.createUploadForm(id, s.fileElementId); if ( s.data ) form = jQuery.addOtherRequestsToForm(form,s.data); var io = jQuery.createUploadIframe(id, s.secureuri); var frameId = "jUploadFrame" + id; var formId = "jUploadForm" + id; // Watch for a new set of requestsif ( s.global && ! jQuery.active++ ) {jQuery.event.trigger( "ajaxStart" ); }var requestDone = false;// Create the request objectvar xml = {} if ( s.global )jQuery.event.trigger("ajaxSend", [xml, s]);// Wait for a response to come backvar uploadCallback = function(isTimeout) {var io = document.getElementById(frameId);try{if(io.contentWindow){ xml.responseText = io.contentWindow.document.body?io.contentWindow.document.body.innerHTML:null; xml.responseXML = io.contentWindow.document.XMLDocument?io.contentWindow.document.XMLDocument:io.contentWindow.document;}else if(io.contentDocument){ xml.responseText = io.contentDocument.document.body?io.contentDocument.document.body.innerHTML:null; xml.responseXML = io.contentDocument.document.XMLDocument?io.contentDocument.document.XMLDocument:io.contentDocument.document;} }catch(e){jQuery.handleError(s, xml, null, e);}if ( xml || isTimeout == "timeout"){requestDone = true;var status;try {status = isTimeout != "timeout" ? "success" : "error";// Make sure that the request was successful or notmodifiedif ( status != "error" ) {// process the data (runs the xml through httpData regardless of callback)var data = jQuery.uploadHttpData( xml, s.dataType );// If a local callback was specified, fire it and pass it the dataif ( s.success )s.success( data, status );// Fire the global callbackif( s.global )jQuery.event.trigger( "ajaxSuccess", [xml, s] );} elsejQuery.handleError(s, xml, status);} catch(e){status = "error";jQuery.handleError(s, xml, status, e);} // The request was completedif( s.global )jQuery.event.trigger( "ajaxComplete", [xml, s] ); // Handle the global AJAX counterif ( s.global && ! --jQuery.active )jQuery.event.trigger( "ajaxStop" ); // Process resultif ( s.complete )s.complete(xml, status); jQuery(io).unbind() setTimeout(function() { try {$(io).remove();$(form).remove();} catch(e) {jQuery.handleError(s, xml, null, e); }}, 100) xml = null }}// Timeout checkerif ( s.timeout > 0 ) {setTimeout(function(){// Check to see if the request is still happeningif( !requestDone ) uploadCallback( "timeout" );}, s.timeout);}try {// var io = $("#" + frameId);var form = $("#" + formId);$(form).attr("action", s.url);$(form).attr("method", "POST");$(form).attr("target", frameId);if(form.encoding){form.encoding = "multipart/form-data";}else{form.enctype = "multipart/form-data";}$(form).submit(); } catch(e) {jQuery.handleError(s, xml, null, e);}if(window.attachEvent){document.getElementById(frameId).attachEvent("onload", uploadCallback);}else{document.getElementById(frameId).addEventListener("load", uploadCallback, false);}return {abort: function () {}}; }, uploadHttpData: function( r, type ) {var data = !type;data = type == "xml" || data ? r.responseXML : r.responseText;// If the type is "script", eval it in global contextif ( type == "script" )jQuery.globalEval( data );// Get the JavaScript object, if JSON is used.if ( type == "json" )eval( "data = " + data );// evaluate scripts within htmlif ( type == "html" )jQuery("<div>").html(data).evalScripts();//alert($("param", data).each(function(){alert($(this).attr("value"));}));return data;}})