1、环境介绍OS:CentOS6.7_x64MySQL:5.1.732、MySQL安装yum -y install mysql-server注意事项:主从设备的MySQL版本、硬件配置要一致,否则可能会导致一系列问题,如从库来不及消费主库的日志,会引起从库日志文件堆积等!3、主从配置主要操作步骤:配置binlog和serverid;建立同步帐号(master),并授权;根据master的状态,配置slave同步;启动slave的复制功能;查看主从复制状态slave IO和SQL的running都为yes,即为配置成功;测试。3.1 修改主、从服务器的mysql配置文件my.ini添加如下配置[mysqld] log-bin=mysql-bin //[不是必须]启用二进制日志 server-id=112 //[必须]服务器唯一ID,默认是1,一般取IP最后一段3.2 重启两台服务器的mysql/etc/init.d/mysql restart3.3 在主服务器上建立帐户并授权slave[linuxidc@lb01 ~]$ mysql Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or g. Your MySQL connection id is 3 Server version: 5.1.73-log Source distribution Copyright (c) 2000, 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. Type "help;" or "h" for help. Type "c" to clear the current input statement. mysql> GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE ON *.* to "mysync"@"%" identified by "q123456"; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)注意:同步帐号一般不用root;在实际工作中,只能授权单个IP,不能是通配符的形式授权;如果有多个ip,就每个ip单独执行一遍授权语句;3.4 在主服务器上查看mysql状态mysql> show master status; +------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+ | File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | +------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+ | mysql-bin.000001 | 476 | | | +------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec)注:执行完此步骤后不要再操作主服务器MYSQL,防止主服务器状态值变化3.5 配置从服务器mysql> change master to master_host="10.86.87.254",master_user="mysync",master_password="q123456", master_log_file="mysql-bin.000001",master_log_pos=476; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)
mysql> start slave; //启动复制功能 Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)3.6 查看主从服务器复制功能状态mysql> show slave statusG *************************** 1. row *************************** Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event Master_Host: 10.86.87.254 //主服务器地址 Master_User: mysync //授权帐户名,尽量避免使用root Master_Port: 3306 //数据库端口,部分版本没有此行 Connect_Retry: 60 Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000001 Read_Master_Log_Pos: 476 //同步读取二进制日志的位置,大于等于Exec_Master_Log_Pos Relay_Log_File: mysqld-relay-bin.000002 Relay_Log_Pos: 251 Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000001 Slave_IO_Running: Yes //此状态必须YES Slave_SQL_Running: Yes //此状态必须YES ...注:Slave_IO及Slave_SQL进程必须正常运行,即YES状态,否则都是错误的状态(如:其中一个NO均属错误)。主从服务器配置完成。4、测试4.1 主服务器Mysql建立数据库,并在这个库中建表插入一条数据mysql> create database test_db; Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> use test_db; Database changed mysql> create table test_tb(id int(3),name char(10)); Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql> insert into test_tb values(001,"bobu"); Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> show databases; +--------------------+ | Database | +--------------------+ | information_schema| | test_db | | mysql | | test | +--------------------+ 4 rows in set (0.00 sec)从服务器Mysql查询mysql> show databases; +--------------------+ | Database | +--------------------+ | information_schema| | test_db | //I"M here,大家看到了吧 | mysql | | test | +--------------------+ 4 rows in set (0.00 sec) mysql> use test_db Database changed mysql> select * from test_tb; //查看主服务器上新增的具体数据 +--------+------+ | id | name| +--------+------+ | 1 | bobu| +--------+------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec)本文永久更新链接地址